二十年,是权力高涨的历史;
二十年,是人民对抗的历史;
二十年,是贫富分化的历史;
二十年,是独裁者荣耀的历史;
如果,二十年前一切改变,
那该是怎样的历史呢?
2009年6月4日
2009年3月9日
致女儿书(五)
——尊重你的天性
机缘巧合下,你出生在了这个国度,这你无法选择,甚至从某种意义上,你将终身携带着这里的某种烙印生活下去,无论最终你是在这里生活还是不在这里生活。
你生于这个地方,所以你必须要知道,这个地方有着许许多多的不同——相较于其他地方。这些不同,有好有坏,有善有恶,还有更多的是我们无法辨析的。对于这些东西,爸爸不能,也不愿给你任何的规则,因为没有任何的规则比你的天性更加适合做你的指引。
其实我们出生的时候,我们身上就带着某些与生俱来的品质,甚至有些是全人类共同的。我无法一一列举那些,我只想告诉你留在爸爸身上的某些与生俱来的东西,这些东西无法让爸爸的生活过的舒适,甚至会带来困扰,但是如果选择将他们丢弃,我却是任何代价都不愿的。
我珍惜的第一样天性叫做匪气,不同于尔虞我诈的卑劣,不同于见风使舵的懦弱,不同于见利忘义的奸佞,匪气表达的是江湖义气,是愤怒,是追寻正义的侠客意识。这些其实都是人性最根基的东西,却恰恰是生活和我们所接受的教育教我们忘记的东西。
第二样天性叫做公正。对于平等的追寻有时候是一种很痛的体验,特别是当你身处于一个作弊者得利的时代。对公正的渴望和无力改变的不公正交错起来,似乎没有尽头的挫败感一次又一次的冲击着我们。如果没有第三样天性的保护,或许我会成为犬儒主义者、功利主义者或者怀疑主义者。
这样保护我的天性叫做自我。但是很不幸,我们接触到的最多的一个词却是它的反义,叫做集体。但是事实上,自我意识的加强才是真正对于他人理解的加深,才能更好的融入集体。更多的讲,只有存在更多的具备独立人格的人,集体才变得具有价值。
我说到这些的时候,并不想给它们太多的定义,因为那些词汇的真正意义需要自我的探寻。我只能说匪气绝不是霸气,公正绝不是有差别的公正,自我也并不是自私。
当然,我们的天性中还有更多的值得拥有的品质,学会理解那些品质,并且尊重它们,或许你就能得到更多的心理慰藉。
2009年2月27日
投票的方式
在一个用脚投票的年代,能够投票的机会更应该格外珍惜才对。
我们生活在这个年代,这个朝代,毫无疑问,我们都能够体会到一直以来用脚投票的经历,这种经历对于我,是把选票投给那些规定的人,是被社区工作人员劝阻放弃投票权,是面对一群从未对我做过任何选举演讲,未做过任何当选承诺的选举着的弃权。对于这样的选举,我只看到了两个字:和谐。
或许我们中有些人从来不知道:民主选举不只是一种象征,选举是竞争性的、周期性的、决定性的,在选举里政府的决策者由公民们选出,公民们享有批评政府的自由、发表批评的自由和选择非主流的自由。甚至于当我们看到智利、日本,还有台湾选举中表现出来的不同政治派别之间的强硬对话乃至大打出手时,我们本能的认为那是有失政治家身份的。
需要澄清的是,首先对于政治家这个职业说谎者来说,实在谈不上什么身份。更需要知道的是,如果一个人放弃了表达自己意见的权利,或者是因为压力,或者是因为利益,那种和谐是虚假的,正如我们的今天。在这种虚假的和谐底下,我们的社会道德感急速衰退。
今天我们生活的空间里,除却赤裸裸的自身权利的剥夺,甚至我们自身的安全都无法保证。这种安全的缺失,一方面是不公正的社会环境造成的暴力事件的发生以及恶化,另一方面是我们的生活资源的,甚至食品安全的缺失。
当面对一件件血淋淋的罪恶时,我们不单要追寻这些事件背后隐藏的社会问题,不单要追讨责任,还有很重要的一方面,用投票的方式发出我们的声音。
在政治上,我完全没有任何投票的权利,当我面对商业企业的时候,我想我至少有那么一点点选择权,这点选择权或许并不起眼,但是我相信每一个人如果都对恶深恶痛绝,对善用心呵护,一定会在一定程度上改观我们所处的世界。
我不愿意原谅那些作恶的商业公司,所以我把以下这些公司罗列在我的恶名公司名单上,我会慎重对待自己的抉择,不选择这些公司的产品,用实际行动投出我的一票:
- 百度
- 蒙牛
- 伊利
- 待续...
我们的贪婪
以我们今天的教科书看来,封建腐朽的清王朝在它鼎盛的时代建立了一个名叫圆明园的皇家园林。今天,突然有人拿出了曾经放置在这个园子中的几件文物拍卖。
无疑,这种行为伤害了感情脆弱的我国人民,对于我来说,几乎无法理解这种伤害的荒谬,我猜,我一定要俯首称罪,深刻反省,并且我这种行径使得我不配做我国人民,无法享受天朝皇恩。
我苦恼于此,于是我自己反思我到底哪里出了问题,为什么我对这么一件事情毫无愤慨?我慢慢的整理出了一些问题所在:
首先,我不知道这件东西的归属属于谁,按照国际惯例,它应该是属于往昔的一个皇族所有,然后,那些皇族显然都成了新中国的罪人,所以他们显然是不配拥有这些的;但是它是腐朽清王朝的遗物,我当朝是不屑占为己有的,若非如此,文革时为什么要破四旧,对于一个新新的王朝来说,那些都是不堪的旧朝遗物;要说这件东西属于我民,于我是不想要,也不敢要的。不想要是因为我一个草民打理不了这个东西,如若不慎毁在我手上,必成千古罪人。不敢要是因为我们的文物保护法就规定了个人买卖文物是非法的,我只老实本分一草民,不想惹事。
况且,这件文物几经转手,早已变成了个人持有,而且这个人并非你天朝王国的草民,完全没有必要听从你的,我始终认为,没有任何的理由为了某个更大团体的利益使个人利益受损,当然,这是反动的人权,不是挨过饿的具有我国特色的人权。
其次,我并不了解历史,对八国联军联手抢劫并且火烧圆明园的历史尚且属于无法分辨真伪的愚人。而且我自从出生以来,一直处于真假莫辨的状态。鉴于此,我并不敢理直气壮的索要。
最后,我不知道这件东西一旦回来,是否能够妥善的保存。文物是人类历史的见证物,所以基于此保护文物是要保护我们的历史,但是我们知道,我们有很多不堪的历史是无法被保存的,是不能被保存的,对于如此近的历史都无法面对,我们有什么资格宣称自己能够保护更加古老的文物。从实际的情况看来,我们所毁坏的文物远远的大于我们保护下来的。所以对于文物这样一种全人类的文化遗产,我觉得应该给更适合的人来持有并保护。我们天朝,还有很多未了的事情要做,这些繁杂的小事就交给那些无聊腐朽的小资产阶级去做。
写到文末的时候,我突然发现原来我是文不对题的,至少对于这些文物,我并没有想持有他们的贪婪,而这世界上终究有人想要,所以叫做他们的贪婪更妥贴些吧。
一些补充(文革中被毁的文物清单):
1. 炎帝陵主殿被焚,陵墓被挖, 焚骨扬灰。
2. 造字者仓颉的墓园被毁, 改造成了"烈士陵园"。
3. 山西舜帝陵被毁,墓冢挂上了大喇叭。
4.浙江绍兴会稽山的大禹庙被拆毁,高大的大禹塑像被砸烂,头颅齐颈部截断,放在平板车上游街示众。
5. 世界佛教第一至宝,佛祖释尊在世时亲自开光的三圣像之一八岁等身像被捣毁面目。
6.孔子的坟墓被铲平,挖掘,'大成至圣先师文宣王'的大碑被砸得粉碎!庙碑被砸碎了,孔庙中的泥胎塑像被捣毁。孔老二的七十六代孙令贻的坟墓被掘开。
7.和县乌江畔项羽的霸王庙、虞姬庙和虞姬墓。香火延续两千年至今日,"横扫"之后,庙、墓皆被砸成一片废墟。文革后去霸王庙的凭吊者,见到的只是半埋在二里半露在地上的石狮子。
8.在横扫一切的风暴中,霍去病的霍陵也遭了殃。香烛、签筒被打烂之外,霍去病的塑像也毁于一旦。
9. 颐和园佛香阁被砸, 大佛被毁。
10.王阳明文庙和王文成公祠两组建筑包括王阳明的塑像,全部在文革被平毁无遗。
11.古城太原的新任市委书记三把火,第一把是砸庙宇。全市一百九十处庙宇古迹,除十几处可保留外,通通毁掉。他一声令下,一百多处古迹在一天之内全部毁掉。山西省博物馆馆长闻讯赶到芳林寺,只捡回一包泥塑人头。
12.医圣张仲景的塑像被捣毁,墓亭、石碑被砸烂,"张仲景纪念馆"的展览品也被洗劫一空。"医圣祠"已不复存在。
13.河南南阳诸葛亮的"诸葛草庐"(又名武侯祠)。的'千古人龙'、'汉昭烈皇帝三顾处'、'文韬武略'三道石坊及人物塑像、祠存明成化年间塑造的十八尊琉璃罗汉全部捣毁,殿宇饰物砸掉,珍藏的清康熙《龙岗志》、《忠武志》木刻文版焚烧。
14.汉中勉县"古定军山"石碑,也因诸葛亮是个"地主份子"而被砸毁。
15.书圣王羲之的陵墓及占地二十亩的金庭观几乎全部平毁,祗剩下右军祠前几株千年古柏陪伴书圣失去了居所的亡魂。
16.文成公主当年亲自主持塑造松赞干布和文成公主二人的塑像,安放觉拉寺。被捣毁。
17. 合肥人代代保护、年年祭扫的"包青天"墓,也毁于一旦。
18.河南汤阴县中学生将岳飞等人的塑像、铜像,秦桧等"五奸党"的铁跪像,连同历代传下的碑刻"横扫"殆尽。
19.杭州革命青年砸了岳庙,连岳飞的坟也刨了个底朝天。岳武穆被焚骨扬灰。
20. 阿拉腾甘得利草原上的成吉思汗陵园被砸了个稀烂。
21.朱元璋巨大的皇陵石碑被拉倒;石人石马被炸药炸得缺胳膊少腿;皇城也拆得一干二净。
22.海南岛的天涯海角,明代名臣海瑞的坟被砸掉,一代清官的遗骨被挖出游街示众。
23. 湖北江陵名相张居正的墓被红卫兵砸毁。焚骨。
24. 北京城内的袁崇焕的坟被夷成了平地。
25.黎平故里安葬的是明末名臣何腾蛟,他的祠堂中的佛像被扫了个一干二净,而且把黎平人最引以为荣的何腾蛟的墓给挖了。
26. 吴承恩的故居在江苏淮安县河下镇打铜巷。他的故居不大,三进院落,南为客厅,中为书斋,北为卧室。几百年来,曾有无数景仰他的人来此凭吊此故居和他的墓。 可是现在《西游记》成为"封、资、修"(封建主义、资本主义、修正主义)里的"封",吴氏故居也就"被毁为一片废墟"。
27.红/卫兵掘开蒲松龄的坟,教书匠蒲松龄真穷,墓里除了手中一管旱烟筒、头下一迭书外,只有四枚私章。他们对蒲氏私章不屑一顾,弃之于野。尸体被捣毁。
28.建于一九五九年的吴/敬梓纪念馆在文/革中被铲平。
29.山东冠县中学红卫兵在老师带领下,砸开千古义丐武训的墓,掘出其遗骨,抬去游街,当众批判后焚烧成灰
30.张之洞的坟被刨开。张是个清官,墓里没一点珍宝,红卫兵将张氏夫妇尚未腐烂的尸体吊在树上。张氏后人不敢收尸,任尸体吊在树上月余,直到被狗吃掉。
31.北京郊区的恩济庄埋有同治、光绪两朝的宫廷大总管李莲英的墓,凿开的墓穴里,只有头骨,不见尸骸,衣袍内满是珠宝,后不知所踪。
32.河南安阳县明赵简王朱高燧的墓被挖毁。
33.黑龙江黑河县有座"将军坟","因为属于'帝王将相',也遭到严重的破坏。
34.宋代诗人林和靖(967-1028)的墓也在被毁之列。
35.清末章太炎、徐锡麟、秋瑾,乃至"杨乃武与小白菜"冤案中的杨乃武的墓,都在"横扫一切牛鬼蛇神"的口号声中作了牺牲。
36. 一位年轻的中学老师领着一帮初中生以"让保皇派头子出来示众"为由,刨开康氏墓,将他的遗骨拴上绳子拖着游街示众。革命小将们一边拖着骨头游街一边还鞭挞 那骨头,好象相信康氏灵魂附着在骨头上似的。游完街,康氏的头颅被送进"青岛市造反有理展览会",标签上写道:"中国最大的保皇派康有为的狗头"。
37.浙江奉化县溪口镇蒋/介石旧居,蒋氏生母的墓被上海的大学生领导的宁波中学生掘开,其遗骸和墓碑都被丢进了树林。
38.南漳县为抗日名将张自忠建造的张公祠、张氏衣冠冢和三个纪念亭均被破坏。
39.杨虎城将军,虽被国民党处决,仍是红卫兵眼中的"国民党反动派",墓及墓碑都砸毁。
40. 新疆吐鲁番附近火焰山上的千佛洞的壁画,曾被俄、英、德等贪焚商人盗割,卖到西方。但那运到国外的壁画毕竟被博物馆珍藏,并未毁掉。而中国人自己干的'破 四旧'却重在一个'破'字:将剩下的壁画中的人物的眼睛挖空,或干脆将壁画用黄泥水涂抹得一塌糊涂,存心让那些壁画成为废物。
41.山西运城博物馆原是关帝庙。因运城是关羽的出生地,历代修葺保养得特别完好。门前那对高达六米的石狮子可能是全国最大的。如今,那对狮子被砸得肢体断裂,面目全非;母狮身上的五只幼狮都砸成了碎石块。
42. 安徽霍邸县文庙,雕梁画栋、飞檐翘角,龙、虎、狮、象、鳌等粉彩浮雕皆为精美的工艺美术品。'房饰浮雕在文化大革命中统被砸毁。'文革后省、县拨款数万修 葺,'尚未完全复原。'山东莱阳文庙,'大成殿雕梁画栋、飞檐斗拱,气势雄伟……文化大革命期间,大成殿被拆除。'全国四大孔庙之一的吉林市文庙,'破四 旧'中严重受损,荒废多年,文革后历时五年方修复。
43.唐代高僧褒禅结芦安徽含山县花山,死后弟子改山名为褒禅山。宋王安石游览此山,作《游褒禅山记》后,褒禅山遂名扬四海。因是'四旧',褒禅山大小二塔被炸毁。
44. 全国最大的道教圣地老子讲经台及周围近百座道馆被毁。
45.宋代大文豪欧阳修的《醉翁亭记》经另一宋代大家苏东坡手书,刻石立碑于安徽滁县琅�山脚当初欧阳修作文的醉翁亭,至今已近千年。前去革命的小将不仅将碑砸倒,还认真地将碑上的苏氏字迹凿去了近一半。醉翁亭旁堂内珍藏的历代名家字画更被搜劫一空,从此无人知其下落。
除了有计划的毁灭古迹, 文物古董毁坏的更多:
北 京名学者梁/漱溟家被抄光烧光。文革过后梁/漱溟回忆抄家时红卫兵的举动时说:'他们扑字画、砸石玩,还一面撕一面唾骂是'封建主义的玩艺儿'。最后是一 声号令,把我曾祖、祖父和我父亲在清朝三代官购置的书籍和字画,还有我自己保存的,统统堆到院里付之一炬……红卫兵自搬自烧,还围着火堆呼口号……'
南京著名的书法家林散之珍藏多年的字画及自己的作品全部被毁之一炬,他被赶回了安徽老家。当时在上海居住的画家林风眠家被抄家、画被焚烧,又在风声鹤唳中自己将留存的作品浸入浴缸、倒进马桶、沉入粪池。
中央文史馆副馆长、八十四岁的杭州名学者马一浮的家被搜罗一空。抄家者席卷而去之前,他恳求道:'留下一方砚台给我写写字,好不好?'谁知得到的却是一记耳光。他悲愤交集,不久即死去。
名满天下的上海书法家沈尹默是中央文史馆副馆长,也是八十四岁。他担心'反动书画'累及家人,老泪纵横地将毕生积累的自己的作品,以及明、清大书法家的真迹一一撕成碎片,在洗脚盆里泡成纸浆,再捏成纸团,放进菜篮,让儿子在夜深入挣时□出家门,倒进苏州河。
作家沈从文在中国历史博物馆工作。军管会的军代表指着他工作室里的图书资料说:'我帮你消毒,烧掉,你服不服?''没有什么不服,'沈从文回答,'要烧就烧。'于是,包括明代刊本《今古小说》在内的几书架珍贵书籍被搬到院子里,一把火全都烧成了灰。
字 画裱褙专家洪秋声老人,人称古字画的'神医',装裱过无数绝世佳作,如宋徽宗的山水、苏东坡的竹子、文征明和唐伯虎的画。几十年间、,经他抢救的数百件古 代字画,大多属国家一级收藏品。他费尽心血收藏的名字画,如今祗落得'四旧'二字,付之一炬。事后,洪老先生含着眼泪对人说:'一百多斤字画,烧了好长时 间啊!'连遥远的新疆首府乌鲁木齐新华书店的存书,通通被烧成了灰。
湖南江永县有一种仅为妇女懂得的文字,人称'女书'。虽流传已近千年,因为不入男子的社会,流传并不广,许多用女书写成的诗歌被妇女珍藏,代代相藏,从未与世人见面。江永县地虽偏僻,'破四旧'却逃不脱,许多本应成为社会学、文字学乃至民族学研究资料的女书手稿被焚毁。
烧书污染空气,送到造纸厂打成纸浆才是好办法。江浙一带人文荟萃,明清两代五百年,著名书画家大部分出在那里,留存至今的古籍也就特别多。仅宁波地区被打成纸浆的明清版的线装古书就有八十吨!
红 学家俞平伯自五十年代被毛泽东批判后,便是钦定的'资产阶级反动学者'。抄家者用肮脏的麻袋抄走了俞家几世积存的藏书,一把火烧了俞氏收藏的有关《红楼 梦》的研究资料。当时,中国特有的刻瓷艺术家仅剩北京朱友麟一人。周/恩来曾规定朱的作品是国宝,不得出口。可是前去抄他家的红卫兵将他的作品摔了个稀 烂。不久,朱凄惨地死去,国宝不复再现。
苏州桃花坞木刻年画社的画家凌虚,五十年代曾手缯一幅长达五十尺的《鱼乐画册》,由中国政府拿去,作为国宝赠送印度尼西亚总统苏加诺。他化了几十年的功夫,收集到各地上千张古版画,如今被烧了个一干二净。
中国画院副院长陈半丁年已九十,批斗之余,作品被焚烧。上海画家刘海粟珍藏的书画被抄后,堆在当街焚烧。幸亏一位过路人以'工人'的名义镇住革命小将,打电话给上海市委,才派人制止。但已烧了五个多小时,焚毁的字画、器皿不计其数。
陕西画家石鲁被拉到西安钟楼大街的钟楼外,当街吊起来,在人群的围观中接受批判。他的'黑画'被一幅幅拿出,批斗一幅即撕毁一幅或在画面上用红笔打个叉。
因江青点名咒骂了名画家齐白石。北京的红卫兵砸了他的墓和'白石画屋'。又逼着齐的儿子齐良迟刨平齐白石自书的匾上的字迹。上海画院七十五岁的画家朱屺瞻,家中收藏的名人字画被搜罗一空,七十余方齐白石为他的刻的印章一个没剩。
一九五二年,国画大师张大千的前妻杨宛君将张在甘肃敦煌石窟现场临摹的二百六十幅唐代壁画全部献给了国家,自己仅保留十四幅张氏为她作的画。如今抄家者光顾杨宅,那十四幅画被搜走,从此全都没有了下落。
著名的木刻家刘岘(中央美术馆馆长)被勒令交出全部'四旧'后,默默地把多年的木刻原版摞在壁炉旁,然后,点着火炉,一块一块地投进火炉,全部烧光!
中国的古迹少, 博物馆里的文物更是少的可怜,民间的文物十个有九个都是假的, 为什么??就是因为以前都毁掉了!
中国几乎没有几个美术馆, 有也全都是现代画家, 古代书画墨宝极少,为什么? 因为书画是最容易毁掉的, 扔到火里一烧就没了!
西哈努克来中国, 想去白马寺看中国最著名的古雕塑十八罗汉像,结果已经被砸掉了,是周总理急电叫山西下华岩寺把罗汉拆下来去冒充!
北京的都知道拆古城�的事, 但是谁知道什么是双塔庆寿寺?京城第一皇家名刹, 两座800多年的古塔, 什么都没留下来
注:因为众所周知的原因,该帖源地址已不可见,所以不标明出处,希望原帖作者原谅。
2009年1月2日
四个四重奏
《焚毁的诺顿》
纵然语言为人所共有,但多数人立身处世仿佛各有其到。
向上的路和向下的路是完全一样的。
一
现在的时间和过去的时间
也许都存在于未来的时间,
而未来的时间又包容于过去的时间。
假若全部时间永远存在
全部时间就再也都无法挽回。
过去可能存在的是一种抽象
只是在一个猜测的世界中,
保持着一种恒久的可能性。
过去可能存在和已经存在的
都指向一个始终存在的终点。
足音在记忆中回响
沿着那条我们从未走过的甬道
飘向那重我们从未打开的门
进入玫瑰园。我的话就和这样
在你的心中回响。
但是为了什么
更在一缸玫瑰花瓣上搅起尘埃
我却不知道。
还有一些回声
栖身在花园里。我们要不要去追蹑?
快,鸟儿说,快去寻找它们,去寻找它们
在花园角落里。穿过第一道门,
走进我们的第一个世界,我们要不要听从
画眉的欺骗?进入我们的第一个世界。
它们就在那儿,神态庄严而不可窥见,
在秋天的燠热里,穿过颤动的空气,
从容不迫地越过满地枯叶,
鸟儿在呼唤,于那隐藏在灌木丛中
不可闻见的音乐相应和,
那没有被人看见的眼光转过去了,因为玫瑰
露出了花容美姿已被人窥见的神色。
它们在那儿仿佛是我们的客人
受到我们的接待也在接待我们。
它们彬彬有礼地伫立在空寂的小径旁。
于是我们继续前行,走进黄杨木的圆形树丛,
俯身观看那干涸的水池。
干涸的水池、干涸的混凝土、围着褐色的边,
水池里注满了阳光变幻的水,
荷花升起了,悄悄地,悄悄地,
池面从光芒的中心闪现,
而它们在我们身后,映照在池中。
接着云朵飘过,水池又变为空虚。
去吧,鸟儿说,因为树叶丛中躲满了孩子
他们兴冲冲地藏在那儿,忍住了笑声。
去吧,去吧,去吧,鸟儿说:人类
忍受不了太多的现实。
过去的时间和未来的时间
过去可能存在的和已经存在的
都指向一个始终存在在终点。
二
大蒜和蓝宝石陷在泥里
阻塞了装嵌的轮轴。
血液中发着颤音的弦
在永不消失的伤疤下歌唱
安抚那早已忘却的战争。
动脉里的舞蹈
淋巴液的环流
都表现为星辰的流驶
在树梢中升向夏天
我们在摇动的树枝上空
在那斑驳的树叶上闪耀的光华中
移步前行,耳听得下面湿润的土地上
捕捉野猪的猎犬和野猪一如既往
在继续他们追逐的模式
但在群星中又归于和解。
在转动不息的世界的静止点上,既无生灵也无精魂;
但是不止也无动。在这静止点上,只有舞蹈,
不停止也不移动。可别把它叫做固定不移。
过去和未来就在这里回合。无去无从,
无升无降。只有这个点,这个静止点,
这里原不会有舞蹈,但这里有的只是舞蹈。
我只能说,我们曾在那儿呆过,但我说不出是哪儿。
我也说不出呆了多久,因为这样就把它纳入时间。
内心超脱了显示的欲求,
解脱了行动和苦痛,也解脱了内心
和身外的逼迫,而被围拥在
一种恩宠之感,一道静静的白光之中,
徐徐上升而有凝然不动,集中
在它部分的狂喜
达到圆满的过程中,才领悟到
它那部分的恐惧已经消失。
但是过去和未来的羁绊
交织在变化着的软弱的躯体中,
卫护着人类既不飞升天国也不堕入地狱
这两者都非血肉之躯所能忍受。
过去的时间和未来的时间
只容许有少许的意识。
能意识到就不在时间之内
但是只有在时间之内,那在玫瑰园中的瞬间,
那雨声沥沥的凉亭里的瞬间,
当烟雾降落在通风的教堂里的瞬间,
才能忆起;才能与过去和未来相及。
只有通过时间才被征服时间。
三
这是愤怼不满的地方
以前的时间和以后的时间
都沉浸于一片朦胧的光影里:既没有日光
赋予形体以明澈和静穆
把暗淡的阴影化为疏忽易逝的美
以暖地旋转暗示人生悠悠,
也没有黑暗使灵魂净化
剥夺一切去消感官的享乐
洗涤情感以摈绝尘世短暂的情爱。
既非充实也非空虚。只有一抹微光
闪摇在一张张紧张的饱经忧患的脸上
都因为心烦意乱而毫无意义
神情无所专注而极度冷漠
冷风劲吹在时间之前和时间之后
人和纸片都在风中回旋,
孱弱的肺叶呼吸出入
不健康的灵魂把嗳出的麻木
吐入枯萎的空气,被风卷带着掠过
伦敦的阴沉的山岗,掠过汉姆斯蒂德
和克拉肯韦尔、坎普顿和普特尼,
海盖特、普林姆罗斯和拉德格特。
不是这里,不是这里的黑暗一片
不在这颤抖的世界里。
再往下去,只是往下进入
永远与外世隔绝的世界,
是世界又非世界,非世界的世界,
内部黑暗,剥夺了一切
赤贫如洗,一无所有,
感觉已枯竭的世界,
幻想已远走高飞的世界,
精神已失去作用的世界;
这是一条路,另外一条路
也是一样,不在运动之中
而是避开运动;但是世界却怀着渴望
在过去的时间和未来的时间的
碎石路上前进。
四
时间和晚钟埋葬了白天,
乌云卷走了太阳。
向日葵会转向我们吗,铁线莲?
会纷披下来俯向我们吗;卷须的小花枝头
会抓住我们,缠住我们吗?
冷冽的
紫杉的手指会弯到
我们身上吗?当翠鸟的翅膀
以光明回答光明以后
现在已悄然无声,光明凝然不动
在这转动不息的世界的静止点上。
五
语言,音乐,都只能
在时间中行进;但是唯有生者
才能死灭。语言,一旦说过,就归于
静寂。只有通过形式,模式,
语言或音乐才能达到
静止,正如一只中国的瓷瓶
静止不动而仍然在时间中不断前进。
当乐曲余音袅袅,那不是提琴的静止,
不只如此,而是两者共存,
或者说结束于开始,
结束和开始永远在那儿
在开始之前和结束之后。
万物永远存在于现在。语言
在重负之下,损伤,迸裂,有时甚至破碎,
而在压力之下,要跌落,溜走,消失,
或者因为措辞不当而腐朽,不会在原处停留,
不会停留不动。尖厉刺耳的声音
叱责、嘲笑或者只是絮叨
受到的攻击总是试探的声音,
是葬仪舞蹈中哀声哭喊的影子,
是郁郁不乐的凯米艾拉的高声悲号。
模式的细节是运动,
正如以十级阶梯的形状表现的那样。
欲望本身就是运动
而不在与它值得想望的本身,
爱本身是静止不动的,
只是运动的原因和目的,
无始无终,也无所企求
除非在时间方面
被纳入了限制的形式
介于存在和不存在之间。
猛然间,在一道阳光中
即使此时有尘灰飞扬
在绿叶丛中扬起了
孩子们吃吃的笑声
迅疾的现在,这里,现在,永远——
荒唐可笑的是那虚度的悲苦的时间
伸展在这之前和之后。
《东科克》
一
在我的开始中是我的结束。隆替演变
屋宇建起又倒坍、倾圮又重新扩建,
迁移,毁坏,修复,或在原址
出现一片空旷的田野,或一座工厂,或一条间道。
旧石筑新楼,古木升新火,
旧火变灰烬,灰烬化黄土,
而黄土如今已化为肉,毛,粪,
人和兽的骨,麦秆和绿叶。
屋宇有生也有死:有建造的时候
也有供生活和蕃衍生息的时候,
有给大风吹落松弛的窗玻璃
摇动田鼠在来回奔驰的护壁板
吹起绣着沉默箴言的破挂毡的时候。
在我的开始中是我的结束。此刻阳光
掠过空旷的田野而隐去,留下深巷
任繁密的树叶把它掩住,你在暮色苍茫中
倚着岸堤,一辆货车从身边驶过,
深巷固执地向村里伸展,在炙人的暑热中
村子已摧入梦乡。在暖烘烘的氤氲里那燠热的光
被灰色的石头吸收了,而不是折射。
大丽花丛沉睡在空阒的寂静中。
等待着早来的枭鸟。
在空旷的田野
假如你不走得太近,假如你不走得太近,
在一个夏天的夜半,就就能听到
那轻柔的笛子和小鼓的音乐,
看见他们围着篝火跳舞,
男人和女人结对而舞,着是在举行婚礼——
一种庄严而方便的圣礼。
一双双一对对,必然的结合,
他们互相手拉手或臂膀挽着臂膀
表示情投意合。一圈又一圈地围着篝火
或加入舞伴们的圆圈,或穿过熊熊火焰
婆娑起舞,质朴而严肃,或发出村野的笑声
提起穿着笨拙的鞋子的沉重的脚,
泥脚,沾着沃土的脚、
沉浸在村野的欢乐——那久远以来
在地里滋育谷物的人们的欢乐之中。
他们按着生命的不同季节安排生活一样。
有四季更替和星辰出没的时间
有挤奶的时间和收获的时间
有男人和女人匹配成婚的时间
也有野兽交配的时间。两脚提起和放下。
吃和喝。拉撒和死亡。
东方破晓,另一个白天
又为炎热和寂静作准备。晨风在海上
吹起了波纹,掠海而去。我在这里
或在那里,或在别处。在我的开始中。
二
迟留的十一月
需要春天的困扰吗?
需要夏暑的创造物
和那脚下缠绕的雪花吗,
需要那一心想扶摇直上
却由红变灰终于跌落下来的蜀葵,
需要那盖满了初雪的凋零的玫瑰吗?
流驰的星星敲响了雷声隆隆
好似意气洋洋的战车
部署在群星会集的战斗中。
天蝎星攻打太阳
直打得太阳和月亮沉落
彗星暗暗哭泣而流星飞驰
追逐在一阵旋风中旋转的苍穹和大地
在冰雪君临大地之前旋风就将世界
卷向燃烧着的毁灭之火。
这不失为一种表达方式——但不太令人满意:
用一种陈旧的诗歌形式进行一次转弯抹角的研究,
而把人们始终留在一场跟语言和涵义
作无法容忍的扭打中。诗歌无关宗旨。
这并不是(重新开始)人们过去所期待的。
人们多年期待的东西,它的价值将是什么,
多年企望的平静,秋天般的平静
和老年的睿智,这一切又将有什么价值?
音容消寂的前辈他们遗赠给我们的只是欺骗的诀窍,
他们是骗了我们还是骗了他们自己?
平静不过是一种有意的愚騃,
睿智不过是懂得一些已经失效的秘诀,
对他们在黑暗中窥视黑暗
或置黑暗于不顾都没有什么用处。
在我们看来,来自经验的知识
似乎只有一种有限的价值。
知识把一个模式强加于人,然后欺骗人,
因为模式在每一瞬间都是新的
而每一瞬间又都是对我们以往的一切
作出一次新的骇人的评价。我们只是因为欺骗
已不再能伤害我们,才没有受骗而已。
在人生的中途,不禁在旅程的中途
而且是全部历程,我们都在黑暗的森林中,荆棘中,
在沼泽的边缘,那里没有安全的落脚点
而且受到各种魔怪和虚幻的光明的威胁
引诱你去冒险。别让我听取
老年人的睿智,不如听他们的愚行,
他们对恐惧和狂乱的恐惧,他们对财产的恐惧,
对属于另一个人,属于别人或属于上帝的恐惧。
我们唯一能希冀获得的睿智
是谦卑的睿智:谦卑是永无止境的。
屋宇房舍都已沉入大海。
跳舞的人们都已长眠山下。
三
啊 黑暗 黑暗 黑暗。他们都走进了黑暗,
空虚的星际之间的空间,空虚进入空虚,
上校们,银行家们,知名的文学家们,
慷慨大度的艺术赞助人、政治家和统治者,
显要的文官们,形形色色的委员主席们,
工业巨子和卑微的承包商们都走进了黑暗,
太阳和月亮也暗淡无光了,哥达年鉴
证券市场报和董事姓名录都黯然失色了,
感觉冷却,行动的动机也已经消失。
于是我们大家和他们同行,走进肃穆的葬礼,
不是谁的葬礼,因为没有谁要埋葬。
我对我的灵魂说,别作声,让黑暗降临在你的身上
这准是上帝的黑暗。正如在剧场里
为了变换场景,灯光熄灭了,
舞台两厢一阵沉重的辘辘声,在黑暗里
随着一番黑暗的动作,我们知道
群山,树林,远处的活动画景
还有那显目而堂皇的正面装设都在移走——
或者象一列地铁火车,在地道里,在车站与车站之间停得太久
旅客们交谈之声纷起,又逐渐消寂于静默,
而你在每张脸孔后面看到内心的空虚正在加深
只留下没有什么可想的恐惧在心头升起;
或者像上了麻醉以后,头脑清醒却无所感觉——
我对我的灵魂说,别作声,耐心等待但不要寄予希望,
因为希望会变成对虚妄的希望;
耐心等待但不要怀有爱恋,
因为爱恋会变成对虚妄的爱恋;纵然犹有信心,
但是信心、爱和希望都在等待之中。
耐心等待但不要思索,因为你还没有准备好思索:
这样黑暗必将变得光明,静止也将变成舞蹈。
潺潺的溪水在低语,冬天有雷电闪烁。
野百合花和野草莓没有被人赏识,
花园里那曾回想过当年狂喜的笑声
如今尤未消寂,但是在要求并暗示
死亡与降生的痛苦。
你说我是在重复
我以前说过的话。我还要再说一遍。
要我再说一遍吗?为了要到达那儿,
到达现在你所在的地方,离开现在你不在的地方,
你必须经历一条其中并无引人入胜之处的道路。
为了最终理解你所不理解的,
你必须经历一条愚昧无知的道路。
为了占有你从未占有的东西,
你必须经历被剥夺的道路。
为了达到你现在所不在的名位,
你必须经历那条你不在其中的道路。
你所不了解的正是你所唯一了解的,
而你所拥有的正是你所并不拥有的,
而你所在的地方也正是你所不在的地方。
四
受伤的医生挥动着钢刀
细心探究发病的部位;
在流血的双手下我们感觉到
医生满怀强烈同情的技艺
在揭开体温图表上的谜。
我们仅有的健康是疾病
如果我们听从那位垂危的护士——
她坚定不移的关注不是使我们欢欣
而是提醒我们和亚当蒙受的灾祸,
一旦灾祸重临,我们的病必将变为沉疴。
整个世界是我们的医院
由那个不幸的百万富翁资助,
在那里,如果我们的病况好转,
我们就将死于专制的父爱的关注,
它须臾不离引导着我们,不论我们身在何处。
冷意从两脚间升向膝盖,
热度在精神的弦线中歌词。
如果使我暖和起来,那么,我准会在
寒冷的地狱之火中站立而冻僵,
炼火的烈焰是玫瑰,而浓烟是多刺的荆棘。
滴出的血是我们唯一的饮料,
血腥的肉是我们唯一的食粮,
即使这样,我们仍然乐于称道
我们是有血有肉的人,结实而又健康——
同样,尽管如此,我们称道这个星期五好。
五
我就在这里,在旅程的中途,已经有二十年——
二十个大半虚度的年月,介于两次大战的年月——
试着学会使用语言,而每一次尝试
都是一次完全新的开始,也是一次性质不同的失败,
因为你不过是为了叙述那已经不必再叙述
或者你已经不想再那样叙述的事情
而学习怎样驾御语言的。所以每次冒险从事
都是一次新的开始,一次用破敝的装备
向无法言述的事物发动的袭击,最后总是溃不成军
只留下不准确的感觉乱作一团,
一群没有纪律的激情的乌合之众。
而那需要你用气力和谦逊去征服的一切,
早已被那些你无法企及的人们
一次或两次,或好多次所发现——但是没有竞争——
只有去找回那已经失去的东西,
但一旦找到又重新失去,又去寻找,
这样循环反复的斗争。而现在似乎处于
不利的条件之下。但也许既无所得也无所失。
对于我们,唯有尝试自己,此外则非我们所能为力。
家是我们出发的地方。随着我们年岁渐老
世界变为陌路人,死与生的模式更为复杂。
那已与我们隔绝——没有以前也没有以后的,
不是那感情强烈的瞬间,而是每瞬间都在燃烧的一生,
不仅是一个人的一生,而且也是
那些如今无法辨认的古老石碑的一生。
有在星光下的黄昏时刻,
有在灯光下的黄昏时刻
(在灯下翻阅相片薄的黄昏)。
为此时此地无关紧要之际,
爱最近乎它自己。
老年人应该是探索者,
此地或彼地无关大局,
我们必须静静地继续前进,
越过黑暗的寒冷和空阒无人的废墟,
越过波涛的呼啸,大封的怒号,
海鸟和海豚的浩淼大海,进入另一个感情的强度,
为了获得更进一步的一致,更深入的交流。
在我的结束中是我的开始。
干燥的萨尔维吉斯
一
我不太了解神明;但我以为这条河
准是个威武的棕色大神——阴沉,粗野而又倔强,
忍耐只能到一定侧过年度,起初人们把他认作一条边界;
有用,但不值得信赖,像是个商业的运输人;
此后只成了桥梁建造则面临的一个问题。
问题一旦解决,这个棕色大神就几乎
被城市的居民淡忘——尽管他依然难以平息,
保持着他的四季和愤怒,作为破坏者,作为唤起
人们但愿忘怀的过去的提示者。得不到机器
崇拜者的尊敬和抚慰,只是等待着,守望着,等待着。
他的律动出现在托儿所的卧室里,
出现在四月庭院中繁茂的埃朗萨斯树丛里,
出现的秋天餐桌上葡萄的芳香里,
和在冬天夜晚煤气灯的光圈里。
河在我们中间,海在我们周围;
海也是大地的边缘,它波涛滚滚
拍向花岗岩,它把暗示它在远古和不久前的创造
星星点点地抛向岸滩:
星鱼,鲎,鲸鱼的脊骨;
在水潭里,它给我们的好奇心
留下了更纤巧的海藻和海葵。
它抛起我们失落的东西,那破烂的渔网,
捕捉龙虾的破篓,折断的船桨
和异域死者的褴褛的衣衫。海有很多种声音,
很多神明和很多声音。
盐在多刺的玫瑰上,
雾在冷杉树林中。
大海的嚎叫
和大海的呼喊,是不同的声音
常常能同时听到;帆索的哀鸣声,
海面上巨浪翻滚的恐吓和爱抚,
远处的惊涛在花岗岩的齿缝中的排击声,
还有为海岬逼近而发出的警告的呜咽声,
这些斗士大海的声音,还有掉头朝向归途的
发出尖啸声的浮标和海鸥:
在悄无生息的浓雾的压力下
那从容不迫的巨浪敲响了
隆隆钟声,报告着时间,但不是我们的时间,
一种时间
比天文钟计量的时间更古老,
比那些烦恼而焦虑不安的女人们计算的时间更古老,
她们长夜不寐,计算着未来,
试着把过去和未来拆散,解开,
又把它们重新拼合在一起,
在夜半和黎明之间,当过去已变为一场欺骗,
未来已成为没有未来,在四更之前
时间停歇,时间变成永无终了的时候;
巨浪滔滔,现在是这样,有始以来也是这样。
钟声
铿锵
二
这无声的呜咽,这秋花的悄然谢去,
花瓣飘落从此凝然不动,它们的终极在哪里?
沉船的残骸随波漂泊,白骨在岸滩上祈求,
那向宣布灾难临头的通告
发出无从祈求的祈求,,
这一切的终极在哪里?
一切了无终极,不禁如此更有那
随未来的时日而接触而来的后果,
当人生的无情岁月已落入你一度以为
最可信赖的事物的碎片之中——
因而最恰当的对策莫如舍弃的时候,
感情却兀自沉湎于往昔。
最后还有出于对自己的气力不济
而产生无济于事的自豪和怨恨;
驾一叶小舟漂泊海上,任凭海水从裂隙徐徐漏入,
那无所依附的眷恋可能北看作无所眷恋;
还有那最后的通告的钟声发出不可争辩的呼喊时
默默无语的谛听。
何处是渔夫的归宿,他们驶进
风的尾势,雾霭在那里瑟瑟颤抖?
我们无法想象一个没有海洋的时代
或者一个不是漂满了废物的海洋
或者一个不可能有一个目的地的未来,
像过去的岁月那样。
我们应该想起他们一如既往在戽水,
在张网和拉网,当那东北风势减弱吹过
永不变化也永不销蚀的浅提,
或者在船坞领取鱼钱,晒晾风帆;
而不应该想象他们在作一次毫无收益的出航,
打一网经不起审查的捕捞。
那无声的呜咽永无穷期,
那秋花的谢去,没有痛苦也没有运动的痛苦的运动,
海的冲卷和漂流的沉船残骸,
白骨向它的上帝死神的祈求,这一切都永无穷期。
只有圣母报喜节那一声几乎是不可能
却又是唯一苦难祈求的祈求。
当你年岁渐老,那过去
仿佛已有了另一种模式,不再只是一个结果——
或者甚至是一种发展:后者是部分的谬误,
受到肤浅的进化论思想的怂恿,
而在常人的心目中变成否认自己的过去的一种手段。
赏心乐事的瞬间——不是康泰之感,
功成名就,夙愿已偿,无忧无虑或感受到亲人之爱,
甚至不是享用一顿丰美酒宴,而是猛地或然彻悟——
我们有过这种经验,但没有领会其中涵义,
而懂得涵义就是在我们能赋予幸福以任何意义之外
在不同的形式中恢复以往的经验。我以前说过
在涵义中复活的以往经验
不仅是一个人一生的经验,
而且是多少世代人的经验——不要忘记
其中有的很可能根本无法言喻:
返顾典籍记载的历史的信念后面,
回转头去,只须稍稍返顾一下,
就看到那远古的恐怖。
现在,我们终于发现痛苦的瞬间
(至于是否出于误解,我们一向
寄希望于虚妄,或畏惧于不当畏惧的,
在不是我们要谈的问题)都与时间所具有的永恒性
一样永恒。在一点我们在别人的(与我们有关,
几乎像我们身受的一样)痛苦中领会得更深。
因为我们自己的过去被行动和汹涌的激流淹没了,
而别人的苦恼却始终是一种经验,
确凿无疑而又不为接踵而来的时间所磨损。
人们变化,微笑,而痛苦常在。
时间这个破坏者也是时间这个保存者,
就像这条运载死亡的黑人、牛棚和鸡笼的河,
就像苦涩的苹果和苹果上留下的齿痕一样。
而嶙峋的礁石在永不宁息的流水中
浪花冲刷它,浓雾掩蔽它;
风平浪静的日子,它不过是一块标石,
在适宜航行的气候永远是一个确定
航道的航海标志,但当阴沉忧郁的季节
或当它暴怒的时候,就露出了它本来的面目。
三
我有时怀疑克里希纳说的是否就是这个意思——
在别种涵义之外——或者同一件事的另一种说法:
未来是一支消寂的歌,一朵殷红的玫瑰,或者是
一株为那些还没有到这里来表示悔恨的人们
留下的永志悔恨的薰衣草,
压在一本从未翻开却已发黄的书页之间。
而向上的路就是向下的路,向前的路就是回头的路。
你不能面对它而神色自若,但在件事却是确切无疑的,
时间不是治病的医生,病人已一去不复返。
当列车启动的时候,旅客们安顿下来
开始品尝水果、翻阅书刊和公务函件
(前来给他们送行的人们也离开了月台),
随着漫长时刻催人欲睡的节奏
他们的脸色从悲痛舒展为轻松。
旅人们,向前行进吧!在不是从过去
逃往不同的生活,也不是逃往任何未来;
你们不是刚才离开那个车站的人群
也不是行将到达终点的人们,
当渐行渐窄的铁轨在你们后面并成一线;
当你们的机声隆隆的轮船甲板上
谛视着船首劈开的波浪在你们后面扩展开去,
你们不会想到“往者已矣”
或者“来者可追”。
夜阑时分,在帆缆和天线里
有歌声在反复吟唱(虽然在低声细语的时间弦琴
既非为耳朵而弹奏,也未形之于任何语言):
“向前行进吧,你们这些自以为在航海旅行的人;
你们不是那望见港湾渐渐消失的人们,
也不是行将离船上岸的人们。
这里,在海岸这边和更远的海岸之间,
当时间已经隐退,请用平等的心怀
思考过去和未来。
在这既不是行动也不是无所行动的瞬间
你们不妨听取这句忠告:‘在死亡的时刻
一个人不论他的意志专注什么样的
生存地位’——那是一次行动
(而死亡的时刻则是每一瞬间),
它必将在别人的生命中开花结果:
因此不必考虑行动的成果。
想前行进吧。
啊 航海的旅人们,啊 海员们
你们来到港口的人们,你们的身体将经受
大海的考验和判决或者不论遭到
什么事故的人们,这里就是你们真正的目的地。”
克里希纳就这样在战场上
劝告阿尔朱纳。
不是永别,
而是扬帆前行,航海的旅人们。
四
圣母啊,您的神殿屹立在海岬之上,
请您为所有船上的人们,
为那些以渔业为生涯的人们,
也为那些与一切合法的海上交通有关
以及指挥他们的人们祈祷吧。
请您也为那些送别了儿子或丈夫
启程出海,他们还没有回家的女人们
再作一次祈祷吧:
Figlia del tuo figlio,
天国之后。
也为那些曾在船上,却在沙滩上,在大海的嘴唇里
或在那来者不拒的黑暗的喉咙里
或不论何处,只要是永恒的天使敲响
大海的钟声传不到他们的地方
最后终止了航行的人们祈祷吧。
五
跟火星通话,与神灵交谈,
报告海妖的行为,
观测天象预卜未来,查看祭牲的内脏以释神谕,
或从水晶球中观察幻象,
从签名的笔迹看出病症,从手掌的纹路
追溯身世经历和从手指想起悲惨不幸;
用签卜或茶叶祛除凶兆,用纸牌解释
不可避免的事故,揣摩五角星形的图象
或靠服巴比妥酸打发日子,或把反复出现的想象
解析为前意识的各种恐惧——
由此探索出生、死亡或梦境;所有这些
都是平素的消遣和药物、报刊的特写报道,
而且也将永远如此,其中有些尤其如此,
当国家陷入危难和困惑不决的时候,
不论是在亚洲的海岸还是在艾琪韦尔大街。
人们的好奇心总爱探究过去和未来,
而且在这方面锲而不舍。但是领悟
那无始无终与时间的交叉点,却是圣者的职业——
也不是职业,而是他们为了爱、热忱、无私和自我屈从
而殉道的一生中的一种给予和取受。
就我们多数人来说,我们有的不过是被我们虚度的
瞬间,在时间之内和时间之外的瞬间,
不过是一次消失在一道阳光之中的心烦意乱,
没有被人赏识的野百合花香,或是冬天的闪电
或是飞溅的瀑布,或是听得过于深切
而一无所闻的音乐,但是只要乐曲余音未绝,
你就是音乐。这些不过是暗示和猜测,
暗示后面跟着猜测;其余就是
祈求,遵奉,修持,思索和行动。
猜出一半的暗示,懂得一半的赠予,是基督化为人身。
这里,各种生存地位不可能取得一致
是确实无疑的,
这里,过去和未来
已被征服,并且获得和解,
在这里行动不过是目前被驱动的事物的另一种运动,
运动的始源并不在于它本身之内——
而是受魔鬼的力量,地下的
力量的推动。而正当的行动
也不受过去与未来的约束。
对我们多数人来说,这是决不可能
在这里实现的目标;
我们仅仅是没有被击败而已,
因为我们还在继续尝试;
如果我们的暂时返归本源能滋育
(离紫杉树并不太远)
那意义深长的土地的生命,
我们,终将感到心满意足。
小吉丁
一
仲东的春天是它自己的季节
漫漫永昼而到日落却一片湿润,
悬在时间中,在极圈和回归线之间。
当短暂的白昼因为寒霜和火成为最明亮的时刻,
匆促的太阳点燃了地上和沟里的冰,
在无风的冷冽中那是心的热,
在一面似水的镜子里
映照出一道刺目的强光,
在就是晌午时分之所以令人眩目而一无所见。
灼热的光比柴枝的火更烈比火盆更旺,
激起麻木的精神:没有风,只有圣灵降临节的火
在这一年的黑暗时节。在融化和结冰之间
灵魂的活力在颤抖。没有大地的气息
或者有生命之物的气息。这是春天季节
但不是在约定的时间之内。现在树篱
因为雪花短暂开放而一时满身素白,
一次比夏花绽放更突然的花开,
既未含葩待放也不会凋零谢落,
不在世代蕃衍的计划之内。
夏天在哪里?那不可想象的
零度的夏天?
如果你到这里来,
选择你可能选择的路线
从你可能出那里来的地方来,
如果你在山楂花开的时候到这里来,
你会发现五月里,树篱又变白了,
飘散这迷人的甜香。
到旅程的终点都一样,
如果你像一位困顿的国王夤夜而来,
如果你白天来又不知道你为何而来,
那都一样,当你离开崎岖的小径
在猪栏后面拐向那阴暗的前庭和墓碑的时候。
你原先以为是你此行的目的
现在不过是意义的一层贝壳,一层荚
只要有什么目的能实现的话,目的才破壳而出。
或者是你原先根本没有目的
或者是目的在于你是想象的终点之外
而在实现的过程中已经改变。另有一些地方
也是世界的终点,有的在海的入口
或者在一片黑暗的湖上,在沙漠中
或者在一座城市里——
但是在地点和时间上,这里是最近的地方,
现在和在英格兰。
如果你到这里来,
不论走哪条路,从哪里出发,
在哪个地方或哪个季节,
那都是一样:你必须抛开
感觉和思想。你到这里来不是为了证明什么,
教诲自己,或者告诉什么新奇的事物
或者传送报告。你到这里来
是到祈祷一向是正当的地方来
俯首下跪。祈祷不只是
一种话语,祈祷者头脑的
清醒的活动,或者是祈求呼告的声音。
死者活着的时候,无法以言词表达的,
他们作为死者能告诉你:死者的交流思想
超乎生者的语言之外是用火表达的。
这里,无始无终的瞬间的交叉点是英格兰,
而不是任何其他地方。决不而且永远。
二
一个老人衣袖上的灰
是焚烧的玫瑰留下的全部尘灰。
尘灰悬在空中
标志着一个故事在这里告终。
你吸入的尘灰曾经是一座宅邸——
墙、护壁板和耗子。
希望和希望的死亡,
这是空气的死亡。
在眼睛之上,在嘴巴里
有洪水和干旱,
止水和死沙
在争斗着谁占上风。
坼裂的失去元气的泥土
张目结舌地望着徒然无益的劳动,
放声大笑而没有欢乐。
这是土的死亡。
水和火取代
城镇、牧场和野草。
水和火嘲弄
我们拒绝奉献的牺牲。
水和火也必将腐蚀
我们遗忘的圣殿和唱诗席的
已经毁坏的基础。
这是水和火的死亡。
在黎明来临前无法确知的时刻
漫漫长夜行将结束
永无终止又到了终点
当黑黝黝的鸽子喷吐着忽隐忽现的火舌
在地平线下掠飞归去以后
在硝烟升腾的三个地区之间
再没有别的声息只有枯叶像白铁皮一般
嘎嘎作响地扫过沥青路面
这时我遇见一个在街上闲荡的行人
像被不可阻挡的城市晨风吹卷的
金属薄片急匆匆地向我走来。
当我用锐利而审视的目光
打量他那张低垂的脸庞
就像我们盘问初次遇见的陌生人那样
在即将消逝的暮色中
我瞧见一位曾经相识、但已淡忘的已故的大师
突然显现的面容,我恍惚记得
他既是一个又是许多个;晒黒的脸上
一个熟识的复合的灵魂的眼睛
既亲密又不可辨认。
因此我反复了一个双重角色,一面喊叫
一面又听另一个人喊叫:“啊!你在这里?”
尽管我们都不是。我还是我,
但我知道我自己已经成了另一个人——
而他只是一张还在形成的脸;但语言已足够
强迫他们承认曾经相识。
因此,按照一般的风尚,
双方既然素昧平生也就不可能产生误会,
我们在这千载难逢,没有以前也没有以后的
交叉时刻和谐地漫步在行人道上作一次死亡的巡逻。
我说:“我感到惊异是那么轻松安适,
然而轻松正是惊异的原因。所以说,
我也许并不理解,也许不复记忆。”
他却说:“我的思想和原则已被你遗忘,
我不想再一次详细申诉。
这些东西已经满足了它们的需要:由它们去吧。
你自己的也是这样,祈求别人宽恕它们吧,
就像我祈求你宽恕善与恶一样。上季的果子
已经吃过,喂饱了的野兽也一定会把空桶踢开。
因为去年的话属于去年的语言
而来年的话还在等待另一种语调。
但是,对于来自异域没有得到抚慰的灵魂,
在两个已变得非常相像的世界之间
现在道路已畅通无阻,
所以当我把我的躯体
委弃在遥远的岸边以后
我在我从未想到会重访的街巷
找到了我从未想说的话。
既然我们关心的是说话,而说话又驱使我们
去纯洁部族的方言
并怂恿我们瞻前顾后,
那么就让我打开长久保存的礼物
褒美你一生的成就。
首先,当肉体与灵魂开始分离时,
即将熄灭的感觉失去了魅力
它那冷漠的摩擦不能给你提供任何许诺
而只能是虚妄的果子的苦涩无味。
第二,是对人间的愚行自知表示愤怒的
软弱无力,以及对那不再引人发笑的一切
你的笑声受到的伤害。
最后,在重演你一生的作为和扮演的角色时
那撕裂心肺的痛苦;日后败露的动机所带来的羞愧,
还有你一度一位是行善之举,
如今觉察过去种种全是恶行
全是对别人的伤害而产生的内疚。
于是愚人的赞扬刺痛你,世间的荣誉玷污你。
激怒的灵魂从错误走向错误
除非得到炼火的匡救,因为像一个舞蹈家
你必然要随着节拍向那儿跳去。”
天色即将破晓。在这条毁损的街上
他带着永别的神情离开了我,
消失在汽笛的长鸣声中。
三
有三种情况发生在这同一片树篱,
往往貌似想像其实截然不同:
对自身、对物和人们的依附,
从自身、从物和人们的分离;以及在这两者之间
产生的冷漠,它与前两种相似,犹如死与生相似,
处于两种生涯之间——不绽开花朵,处于
生的和死的苦恼之间。这正是记忆的用处:
为了解脱——不是因为爱得不够
而是爱超乎欲望之外的扩展,于是不仅从过去
也从未来得到解脱。这样,对一个地方的爱恋
始于我们对自己的活动场所的依附
终于发现这种活动没多大意义
虽然决不是冷漠。历史也许是奴役,
历史也许是自由。瞧,那一张张脸一处处地方
随着那尽其是能爱过它们的自我
一起,现在它们都消失了,
而在另一种模式下更新,变化。
罪是不可避免的,但是
一切终将安然无恙,而且
时间万物也终将安然无恙。
如果我又一次想起这个地方,
又一次想起那些人,他们并非全都值得称道,
既非直系亲属也非性情和善之辈,
却是一些具有特殊才能的人,
他们都受了一种共同的思潮的感召,
而联合在把他们分裂为营垒的斗争中;
如果我在黄昏时分想起一位国王,
想起三个和更多的人被处决在绞刑架上
还有一些死后默默无闻的人
在其他地方,在这里和国外,
我也想起一个双目失明悄然死去的人,
为什么我们纪念这些死去的人
就该胜于纪念那些濒临死亡的人呢?
这不是重新去敲响往昔的钟声
也不是召唤一朵玫瑰的幽灵的咒语。
我们无法复活那些古老的派别
我们无法恢复那些古老的政策
或者跟上一面古老的皮鼓敲击的鼓点。
这些人,和反对他们的那些人
和那些他们反对的人
如今都接受了无声的命令
归入一个单一的团体。
不管我们重幸运的人们继承到什么
我们已经从失败的人们取得了
他们不得不留给我们的一切——一种象征:
一种在死亡中得到完善的象征。
因此,通过动机的纯化
凭着我们祈求的理由
一切终将安然无恙,而且
时间万物也终将安然无恙。
四
鸽子喷吐着炽烈的恐怖的火焰
划破夜空,掠飞而下
烈焰的火舌昭吿世间
它免除了死者的过错和罪愆。
那仅有的希望,要不就是失望
在于你对焚尸柴堆的选择或者就在于柴堆——
通过烈火从烈火中得到涤罪。
是谁想出这种折磨的呢?是爱。
爱是不熟悉的名字
它在编织火焰之衫的那双手后面,
火焰使人无法忍耐
那衣衫绝非人力所能解开。
我们只是活着,只是悲叹
不是让这种火就是让那种火把我们的生命耗完。
五
我们叫做开始的往往就是结束
而宣告结束也就是着手开始。
终点是我们出发的地方。每个短语
和每个句子只要安排妥帖(每个词都各得其所,
从它所处的位置支持其他的词,
文字既不羞怯也不炫耀,
新与旧之间的一种轻松的交流,
普通的文字确切而不鄙俗,
规范的文字准确而不迂腐,
融洽无间地在一起舞蹈)
那么每个短语每个句子都是一个结束和一个开始,
每首诗都是一篇墓志铭。而任何一个行动
都是走向断头台,走向烈火,落入大海
或走向一块你无法辨认的石碑的一步:
而这就是我们出发的地方,
我们与濒临死亡的人们偕亡:
瞧,他们离去了,我们与他们同行。
我们与死者同生:
瞧,他们回来了,携我们与他们俱来。
玫瑰飘香和紫杉扶疏的时令
经历的时间一样短长。一个没有历史的民族
不能从时间得到拯救,因为历史
是无始无终的瞬间的一种模式,所以,当一个冬天的下午
天色渐渐暗淡的时候,在一座僻静的教堂里
历史就是现在和英格兰。
由于这种爱和召唤声的吸引
我们将不停止探索
而我们一切探索的终点
将是到达我们出发的地方
并且是生平第一遭知道这地方。
当时间的终极犹待我们去发现的时候
穿过那未认识的,忆起的大门
就是过去曾经是我们的起点;
在最漫长的大河的源头
有深藏的瀑布的飞湍声
在苹果林中有孩子们的欢笑声,
这些你都不知道,因为你
并没有去寻找
而只是听到,隐约听到,
在大海两次潮汐之间的寂静里。
倏忽易逝的现在,这里,现在,永远——
一种极其简单的状态
(要求付出的代价却不比任何东西少)
而一切终将安然无恙,
时间万物也终将安然无恙
当火舌最后交织成牢固的火焰
烈火与玫瑰化为一体的时候。
FOUR QUARTETS
BUIRNT NORTON
(No. 1 of 'Four Quartets')
T.S. Eliot
I
Time present and time past
Are both perhaps present in time future,
And time future contained in time past.
If all time is eternally present
All time is unredeemable.
What might have been is an abstraction
Remaining a perpetual possibility
Only in a world of speculation.
What might have been and what has been
Point to one end, which is always present.
Footfalls echo in the memory
Down the passage which we did not take
Towards the door we never opened
Into the rose-garden. My words echo
Thus, in your mind.
But to what purpose
Disturbing the dust on a bowl of rose-leaves
I do not know.
Other echoes
Inhabit the garden. Shall we follow?
Quick, said the bird, find them, find them,
Round the corner. Through the first gate,
Into our first world, shall we follow
The deception of the thrush? Into our first world.
There they were, dignified, invisible,
Moving without pressure, over the dead leaves,
In the autumn heat, through the vibrant air,
And the bird called, in response to
The unheard music hidden in the shrubbery,
And the unseen eyebeam crossed, for the roses
Had the look of flowers that are looked at.
There they were as our guests, accepted and accepting.
So we moved, and they, in a formal pattern,
Along the empty alley, into the box circle,
To look down into the drained pool.
Dry the pool, dry concrete, brown edged,
And the pool was filled with water out of sunlight,
And the lotos rose, quietly, quietly,
The surface glittered out of heart of light,
And they were behind us, reflected in the pool.
Then a cloud passed, and the pool was empty.
Go, said the bird, for the leaves were full of children,
Hidden excitedly, containing laughter.
Go, go, go, said the bird: human kind
Cannot bear very much reality.
Time past and time future
What might have been and what has been
Point to one end, which is always present.
II
Garlic and sapphires in the mud
Clot the bedded axle-tree.
The trilling wire in the blood
Sings below inveterate scars
Appeasing long forgotten wars.
The dance along the artery
The circulation of the lymph
Are figured in the drift of stars
Ascend to summer in the tree
We move above the moving tree
In light upon the figured leaf
And hear upon the sodden floor
Below, the boarhound and the boar
Pursue their pattern as before
But reconciled among the stars.
At the still point of the turning world. Neither flesh nor fleshless;
Neither from nor towards; at the still point, there the dance is,
But neither arrest nor movement. And do not call it fixity,
Where past and future are gathered. Neither movement from nor towards,
Neither ascent nor decline. Except for the point, the still point,
There would be no dance, and there is only the dance.
I can only say, there we have been: but I cannot say where.
And I cannot say, how long, for that is to place it in time.
The inner freedom from the practical desire,
The release from action and suffering, release from the inner
And the outer compulsion, yet surrounded
By a grace of sense, a white light still and moving,
Erhebung without motion, concentration
Without elimination, both a new world
And the old made explicit, understood
In the completion of its partial ecstasy,
The resolution of its partial horror.
Yet the enchainment of past and future
Woven in the weakness of the changing body,
Protects mankind from heaven and damnation
Which flesh cannot endure.
Time past and time future
Allow but a little consciousness.
To be conscious is not to be in time
But only in time can the moment in the rose-garden,
The moment in the arbour where the rain beat,
The moment in the draughty church at smokefall
Be remembered; involved with past and future.
Only through time time is conquered.
III
Here is a place of disaffection
Time before and time after
In a dim light: neither daylight
Investing form with lucid stillness
Turning shadow into transient beauty
With slow rotation suggesting permanence
Nor darkness to purify the soul
Emptying the sensual with deprivation
Cleansing affection from the temporal.
Neither plenitude nor vacancy. Only a flicker
Over the strained time-ridden faces
Distracted from distraction by distraction
Filled with fancies and empty of meaning
Tumid apathy with no concentration
Men and bits of paper, whirled by the cold wind
That blows before and after time,
Wind in and out of unwholesome lungs
Time before and time after.
Eructation of unhealthy souls
Into the faded air, the torpid
Driven on the wind that sweeps the gloomy hills of London,
Hampstead and Clerkenwell, Campden and Putney,
Highgate, Primrose and Ludgate. Not here
Not here the darkness, in this twittering world.
Descend lower, descend only
Into the world of perpetual solitude,
World not world, but that which is not world,
Internal darkness, deprivation
And destitution of all property,
Desiccation of the world of sense,
Evacuation of the world of fancy,
Inoperancy of the world of spirit;
This is the one way, and the other
Is the same, not in movement
But abstention from movement; while the world moves
In appetency, on its metalled ways
Of time past and time future.
IV
Time and the bell have buried the day,
The black cloud carries the sun away.
Will the sunflower turn to us, will the clematis
Stray down, bend to us; tendril and spray
Clutch and cling?
Chill
Fingers of yew be curled
Down on us? After the kingfisher's wing
Has answered light to light, and is silent, the light is still
At the still point of the turning world.
V
Words move, music moves
Only in time; but that which is only living
Can only die. Words, after speech, reach
Into the silence. Only by the form, the pattern,
Can words or music reach
The stillness, as a Chinese jar still
Moves perpetually in its stillness.
Not the stillness of the violin, while the note lasts,
Not that only, but the co-existence,
Or say that the end precedes the beginning,
And the end and the beginning were always there
Before the beginning and after the end.
And all is always now. Words strain,
Crack and sometimes break, under the burden,
Under the tension, slip, slide, perish,
Decay with imprecision, will not stay in place,
Will not stay still. Shrieking voices
Scolding, mocking, or merely chattering,
Always assail them. The Word in the desert
Is most attacked by voices of temptation,
The crying shadow in the funeral dance,
The loud lament of the disconsolate chimera.
The detail of the pattern is movement,
As in the figure of the ten stairs.
Desire itself is movement
Not in itself desirable;
Love is itself unmoving,
Only the cause and end of movement,
Timeless, and undesiring
Except in the aspect of time
Caught in the form of limitation
Between un-being and being.
Sudden in a shaft of sunlight
Even while the dust moves
There rises the hidden laughter
Of children in the foliage
Quick now, here, now, always—
Ridiculous the waste sad time
Stretching before and after.
EAST COKER
(No. 2 of 'Four Quartets')
T.S. Eliot
I
In my beginning is my end. In succession
Houses rise and fall, crumble, are extended,
Are removed, destroyed, restored, or in their place
Is an open field, or a factory, or a by-pass.
Old stone to new building, old timber to new fires,
Old fires to ashes, and ashes to the earth
Which is already flesh, fur and faeces,
Bone of man and beast, cornstalk and leaf.
Houses live and die: there is a time for building
And a time for living and for generation
And a time for the wind to break the loosened pane
And to shake the wainscot where the field-mouse trots
And to shake the tattered arras woven with a silent motto.
In my beginning is my end. Now the light falls
Across the open field, leaving the deep lane
Shuttered with branches, dark in the afternoon,
Where you lean against a bank while a van passes,
And the deep lane insists on the direction
Into the village, in the electric heat
Hypnotised. In a warm haze the sultry light
Is absorbed, not refracted, by grey stone.
The dahlias sleep in the empty silence.
Wait for the early owl.
In that open field
If you do not come too close, if you do not come too close,
On a summer midnight, you can hear the music
Of the weak pipe and the little drum
And see them dancing around the bonfire
The association of man and woman
In daunsinge, signifying matrimonie—
A dignified and commodiois sacrament.
Two and two, necessarye coniunction,
Holding eche other by the hand or the arm
Whiche betokeneth concorde. Round and round the fire
Leaping through the flames, or joined in circles,
Rustically solemn or in rustic laughter
Lifting heavy feet in clumsy shoes,
Earth feet, loam feet, lifted in country mirth
Mirth of those long since under earth
Nourishing the corn. Keeping time,
Keeping the rhythm in their dancing
As in their living in the living seasons
The time of the seasons and the constellations
The time of milking and the time of harvest
The time of the coupling of man and woman
And that of beasts. Feet rising and falling.
Eating and drinking. Dung and death.
Dawn points, and another day
Prepares for heat and silence. Out at sea the dawn wind
Wrinkles and slides. I am here
Or there, or elsewhere. In my beginning.
II
What is the late November doing
With the disturbance of the spring
And creatures of the summer heat,
And snowdrops writhing under feet
And hollyhocks that aim too high
Red into grey and tumble down
Late roses filled with early snow?
Thunder rolled by the rolling stars
Simulates triumphal cars
Deployed in constellated wars
Scorpion fights against the Sun
Until the Sun and Moon go down
Comets weep and Leonids fly
Hunt the heavens and the plains
Whirled in a vortex that shall bring
The world to that destructive fire
Which burns before the ice-cap reigns.
That was a way of putting it—not very satisfactory:
A periphrastic study in a worn-out poetical fashion,
Leaving one still with the intolerable wrestle
With words and meanings. The poetry does not matter.
It was not (to start again) what one had expected.
What was to be the value of the long looked forward to,
Long hoped for calm, the autumnal serenity
And the wisdom of age? Had they deceived us
Or deceived themselves, the quiet-voiced elders,
Bequeathing us merely a receipt for deceit?
The serenity only a deliberate hebetude,
The wisdom only the knowledge of dead secrets
Useless in the darkness into which they peered
Or from which they turned their eyes. There is, it seems to us,
At best, only a limited value
In the knowledge derived from experience.
The knowledge imposes a pattern, and falsifies,
For the pattern is new in every moment
And every moment is a new and shocking
Valuation of all we have been. We are only undeceived
Of that which, deceiving, could no longer harm.
In the middle, not only in the middle of the way
But all the way, in a dark wood, in a bramble,
On the edge of a grimpen, where is no secure foothold,
And menaced by monsters, fancy lights,
Risking enchantment. Do not let me hear
Of the wisdom of old men, but rather of their folly,
Their fear of fear and frenzy, their fear of possession,
Of belonging to another, or to others, or to God.
The only wisdom we can hope to acquire
Is the wisdom of humility: humility is endless.
The houses are all gone under the sea.
The dancers are all gone under the hill.
III
O dark dark dark. They all go into the dark,
The vacant interstellar spaces, the vacant into the vacant,
The captains, merchant bankers, eminent men of letters,
The generous patrons of art, the statesmen and the rulers,
Distinguished civil servants, chairmen of many committees,
Industrial lords and petty contractors, all go into the dark,
And dark the Sun and Moon, and the Almanach de Gotha
And the Stock Exchange Gazette, the Directory of Directors,
And cold the sense and lost the motive of action.
And we all go with them, into the silent funeral,
Nobody's funeral, for there is no one to bury.
I said to my soul, be still, and let the dark come upon you
Which shall be the darkness of God. As, in a theatre,
The lights are extinguished, for the scene to be changed
With a hollow rumble of wings, with a movement of darkness on darkness,
And we know that the hills and the trees, the distant panorama
And the bold imposing facade are all being rolled away—
Or as, when an underground train, in the tube, stops too long between stations
And the conversation rises and slowly fades into silence
And you see behind every face the mental emptiness deepen
Leaving only the growing terror of nothing to think about;
Or when, under ether, the mind is conscious but conscious of nothing—
I said to my soul, be still, and wait without hope
For hope would be hope for the wrong thing; wait without love,
For love would be love of the wrong thing; there is yet faith
But the faith and the love and the hope are all in the waiting.
Wait without thought, for you are not ready for thought:
So the darkness shall be the light, and the stillness the dancing.
Whisper of running streams, and winter lightning.
The wild thyme unseen and the wild strawberry,
The laughter in the garden, echoed ecstasy
Not lost, but requiring, pointing to the agony
Of death and birth.
You say I am repeating
Something I have said before. I shall say it again.
Shall I say it again? In order to arrive there,
To arrive where you are, to get from where you are not,
You must go by a way wherein there is no ecstasy.
In order to arrive at what you do not know
You must go by a way which is the way of ignorance.
In order to possess what you do not possess
You must go by the way of dispossession.
In order to arrive at what you are not
You must go through the way in which you are not.
And what you do not know is the only thing you know
And what you own is what you do not own
And where you are is where you are not.
IV
The wounded surgeon plies the steel
That questions the distempered part;
Beneath the bleeding hands we feel
The sharp compassion of the healer's art
Resolving the enigma of the fever chart.
Our only health is the disease
If we obey the dying nurse
Whose constant care is not to please
But to remind of our, and Adam's curse,
And that, to be restored, our sickness must grow worse.
The whole earth is our hospital
Endowed by the ruined millionaire,
Wherein, if we do well, we shall
Die of the absolute paternal care
That will not leave us, but prevents us everywhere.
The chill ascends from feet to knees,
The fever sings in mental wires.
If to be warmed, then I must freeze
And quake in frigid purgatorial fires
Of which the flame is roses, and the smoke is briars.
The dripping blood our only drink,
The bloody flesh our only food:
In spite of which we like to think
That we are sound, substantial flesh and blood—
Again, in spite of that, we call this Friday good.
V
So here I am, in the middle way, having had twenty years—
Twenty years largely wasted, the years of l'entre deux guerres
Trying to use words, and every attempt
Is a wholly new start, and a different kind of failure
Because one has only learnt to get the better of words
For the thing one no longer has to say, or the way in which
One is no longer disposed to say it. And so each venture
Is a new beginning, a raid on the inarticulate
With shabby equipment always deteriorating
In the general mess of imprecision of feeling,
Undisciplined squads of emotion. And what there is to conquer
By strength and submission, has already been discovered
Once or twice, or several times, by men whom one cannot hope
To emulate—but there is no competition—
There is only the fight to recover what has been lost
And found and lost again and again: and now, under conditions
That seem unpropitious. But perhaps neither gain nor loss.
For us, there is only the trying. The rest is not our business.
Home is where one starts from. As we grow older
The world becomes stranger, the pattern more complicated
Of dead and living. Not the intense moment
Isolated, with no before and after,
But a lifetime burning in every moment
And not the lifetime of one man only
But of old stones that cannot be deciphered.
There is a time for the evening under starlight,
A time for the evening under lamplight
(The evening with the photograph album).
Love is most nearly itself
When here and now cease to matter.
Old men ought to be explorers
Here or there does not matter
We must be still and still moving
Into another intensity
For a further union, a deeper communion
Through the dark cold and the empty desolation,
The wave cry, the wind cry, the vast waters
Of the petrel and the porpoise. In my end is my beginning.
THE DRY SALVAGES
(No. 3 of 'Four Quartets')
T.S. Eliot
(The Dry Salvages—presumably les trois sauvages—is a small
group of rocks, with a beacon, off the N.E. coast of Cape Ann,
Massachusetts. Salvages is pronounced to rhyme with assuages.
Groaner: a whistling buoy.)
I
I do not know much about gods; but I think that the river
Is a strong brown god—sullen, untamed and intractable,
Patient to some degree, at first recognised as a frontier;
Useful, untrustworthy, as a conveyor of commerce;
Then only a problem confronting the builder of bridges.
The problem once solved, the brown god is almost forgotten
By the dwellers in cities—ever, however, implacable.
Keeping his seasons and rages, destroyer, reminder
Of what men choose to forget. Unhonoured, unpropitiated
By worshippers of the machine, but waiting, watching and waiting.
His rhythm was present in the nursery bedroom,
In the rank ailanthus of the April dooryard,
In the smell of grapes on the autumn table,
And the evening circle in the winter gaslight.
The river is within us, the sea is all about us;
The sea is the land's edge also, the granite
Into which it reaches, the beaches where it tosses
Its hints of earlier and other creation:
The starfish, the horseshoe crab, the whale's backbone;
The pools where it offers to our curiosity
The more delicate algae and the sea anemone.
It tosses up our losses, the torn seine,
The shattered lobsterpot, the broken oar
And the gear of foreign dead men. The sea has many voices,
Many gods and many voices.
The salt is on the briar rose,
The fog is in the fir trees.
The sea howl
And the sea yelp, are different voices
Often together heard: the whine in the rigging,
The menace and caress of wave that breaks on water,
The distant rote in the granite teeth,
And the wailing warning from the approaching headland
Are all sea voices, and the heaving groaner
Rounded homewards, and the seagull:
And under the oppression of the silent fog
The tolling bell
Measures time not our time, rung by the unhurried
Ground swell, a time
Older than the time of chronometers, older
Than time counted by anxious worried women
Lying awake, calculating the future,
Trying to unweave, unwind, unravel
And piece together the past and the future,
Between midnight and dawn, when the past is all deception,
The future futureless, before the morning watch
When time stops and time is never ending;
And the ground swell, that is and was from the beginning,
Clangs
The bell.
II
Where is there an end of it, the soundless wailing,
The silent withering of autumn flowers
Dropping their petals and remaining motionless;
Where is there and end to the drifting wreckage,
The prayer of the bone on the beach, the unprayable
Prayer at the calamitous annunciation?
There is no end, but addition: the trailing
Consequence of further days and hours,
While emotion takes to itself the emotionless
Years of living among the breakage
Of what was believed in as the most reliable—
And therefore the fittest for renunciation.
There is the final addition, the failing
Pride or resentment at failing powers,
The unattached devotion which might pass for devotionless,
In a drifting boat with a slow leakage,
The silent listening to the undeniable
Clamour of the bell of the last annunciation.
Where is the end of them, the fishermen sailing
Into the wind's tail, where the fog cowers?
We cannot think of a time that is oceanless
Or of an ocean not littered with wastage
Or of a future that is not liable
Like the past, to have no destination.
We have to think of them as forever bailing,
Setting and hauling, while the North East lowers
Over shallow banks unchanging and erosionless
Or drawing their money, drying sails at dockage;
Not as making a trip that will be unpayable
For a haul that will not bear examination.
There is no end of it, the voiceless wailing,
No end to the withering of withered flowers,
To the movement of pain that is painless and motionless,
To the drift of the sea and the drifting wreckage,
The bone's prayer to Death its God. Only the hardly, barely prayable
Prayer of the one Annunciation.
It seems, as one becomes older,
That the past has another pattern, and ceases to be a mere sequence—
Or even development: the latter a partial fallacy
Encouraged by superficial notions of evolution,
Which becomes, in the popular mind, a means of disowning the past.
The moments of happiness—not the sense of well-being,
Fruition, fulfilment, security or affection,
Or even a very good dinner, but the sudden illumination—
We had the experience but missed the meaning,
And approach to the meaning restores the experience
In a different form, beyond any meaning
We can assign to happiness. I have said before
That the past experience revived in the meaning
Is not the experience of one life only
But of many generations—not forgetting
Something that is probably quite ineffable:
The backward look behind the assurance
Of recorded history, the backward half-look
Over the shoulder, towards the primitive terror.
Now, we come to discover that the moments of agony
(Whether, or not, due to misunderstanding,
Having hoped for the wrong things or dreaded the wrong things,
Is not in question) are likewise permanent
With such permanence as time has. We appreciate this better
In the agony of others, nearly experienced,
Involving ourselves, than in our own.
For our own past is covered by the currents of action,
But the torment of others remains an experience
Unqualified, unworn by subsequent attrition.
People change, and smile: but the agony abides.
Time the destroyer is time the preserver,
Like the river with its cargo of dead negroes, cows and chicken coops,
The bitter apple, and the bite in the apple.
And the ragged rock in the restless waters,
Waves wash over it, fogs conceal it;
On a halcyon day it is merely a monument,
In navigable weather it is always a seamark
To lay a course by: but in the sombre season
Or the sudden fury, is what it always was.
III
I sometimes wonder if that is what Krishna meant—
Among other things—or one way of putting the same thing:
That the future is a faded song, a Royal Rose or a lavender spray
Of wistful regret for those who are not yet here to regret,
Pressed between yellow leaves of a book that has never been opened.
And the way up is the way down, the way forward is the way back.
You cannot face it steadily, but this thing is sure,
That time is no healer: the patient is no longer here.
When the train starts, and the passengers are settled
To fruit, periodicals and business letters
(And those who saw them off have left the platform)
Their faces relax from grief into relief,
To the sleepy rhythm of a hundred hours.
Fare forward, travellers! not escaping from the past
Into different lives, or into any future;
You are not the same people who left that station
Or who will arrive at any terminus,
While the narrowing rails slide together behind you;
And on the deck of the drumming liner
Watching the furrow that widens behind you,
You shall not think 'the past is finished'
Or 'the future is before us'.
At nightfall, in the rigging and the aerial,
Is a voice descanting (though not to the ear,
The murmuring shell of time, and not in any language)
'Fare forward, you who think that you are voyaging;
You are not those who saw the harbour
Receding, or those who will disembark.
Here between the hither and the farther shore
While time is withdrawn, consider the future
And the past with an equal mind.
At the moment which is not of action or inaction
You can receive this: "on whatever sphere of being
The mind of a man may be intent
At the time of death"—that is the one action
(And the time of death is every moment)
Which shall fructify in the lives of others:
And do not think of the fruit of action.
Fare forward.
O voyagers, O seamen,
You who came to port, and you whose bodies
Will suffer the trial and judgement of the sea,
Or whatever event, this is your real destination.'
So Krishna, as when he admonished Arjuna
On the field of battle.
Not fare well,
But fare forward, voyagers.
IV
Lady, whose shrine stands on the promontory,
Pray for all those who are in ships, those
Whose business has to do with fish, and
Those concerned with every lawful traffic
And those who conduct them.
Repeat a prayer also on behalf of
Women who have seen their sons or husbands
Setting forth, and not returning:
Figlia del tuo figlio,
Queen of Heaven.
Also pray for those who were in ships, and
Ended their voyage on the sand, in the sea's lips
Or in the dark throat which will not reject them
Or wherever cannot reach them the sound of the sea bell's
Perpetual angelus.
V
To communicate with Mars, converse with spirits,
To report the behaviour of the sea monster,
Describe the horoscope, haruspicate or scry,
Observe disease in signatures, evoke
Biography from the wrinkles of the palm
And tragedy from fingers; release omens
By sortilege, or tea leaves, riddle the inevitable
With playing cards, fiddle with pentagrams
Or barbituric acids, or dissect
The recurrent image into pre-conscious terrors—
To explore the womb, or tomb, or dreams; all these are usual
Pastimes and drugs, and features of the press:
And always will be, some of them especially
When there is distress of nations and perplexity
Whether on the shores of Asia, or in the Edgware Road.
Men's curiosity searches past and future
And clings to that dimension. But to apprehend
The point of intersection of the timeless
With time, is an occupation for the saint—
No occupation either, but something given
And taken, in a lifetime's death in love,
Ardour and selflessness and self-surrender.
For most of us, there is only the unattended
Moment, the moment in and out of time,
The distraction fit, lost in a shaft of sunlight,
The wild thyme unseen, or the winter lightning
Or the waterfall, or music heard so deeply
That it is not heard at all, but you are the music
While the music lasts. These are only hints and guesses,
Hints followed by guesses; and the rest
Is prayer, observance, discipline, thought and action.
The hint half guessed, the gift half understood, is Incarnation.
Here the impossible union
Of spheres of existence is actual,
Here the past and future
Are conquered, and reconciled,
Where action were otherwise movement
Of that which is only moved
And has in it no source of movement—
Driven by daemonic, chthonic
Powers. And right action is freedom
From past and future also.
For most of us, this is the aim
Never here to be realised;
Who are only undefeated
Because we have gone on trying;
We, content at the last
If our temporal reversion nourish
(Not too far from the yew-tree)
The life of significant soil.
LITTLE GIDDING
(No. 4 of 'Four Quartets')
T.S. Eliot
I
Midwinter spring is its own season
Sempiternal though sodden towards sundown,
Suspended in time, between pole and tropic.
When the short day is brightest, with frost and fire,
The brief sun flames the ice, on pond and ditches,
In windless cold that is the heart's heat,
Reflecting in a watery mirror
A glare that is blindness in the early afternoon.
And glow more intense than blaze of branch, or brazier,
Stirs the dumb spirit: no wind, but pentecostal fire
In the dark time of the year. Between melting and freezing
The soul's sap quivers. There is no earth smell
Or smell of living thing. This is the spring time
But not in time's covenant. Now the hedgerow
Is blanched for an hour with transitory blossom
Of snow, a bloom more sudden
Than that of summer, neither budding nor fading,
Not in the scheme of generation.
Where is the summer, the unimaginable
Zero summer?
If you came this way,
Taking the route you would be likely to take
From the place you would be likely to come from,
If you came this way in may time, you would find the hedges
White again, in May, with voluptuary sweetness.
It would be the same at the end of the journey,
If you came at night like a broken king,
If you came by day not knowing what you came for,
It would be the same, when you leave the rough road
And turn behind the pig-sty to the dull facade
And the tombstone. And what you thought you came for
Is only a shell, a husk of meaning
From which the purpose breaks only when it is fulfilled
If at all. Either you had no purpose
Or the purpose is beyond the end you figured
And is altered in fulfilment. There are other places
Which also are the world's end, some at the sea jaws,
Or over a dark lake, in a desert or a city—
But this is the nearest, in place and time,
Now and in England.
If you came this way,
Taking any route, starting from anywhere,
At any time or at any season,
It would always be the same: you would have to put off
Sense and notion. You are not here to verify,
Instruct yourself, or inform curiosity
Or carry report. You are here to kneel
Where prayer has been valid. And prayer is more
Than an order of words, the conscious occupation
Of the praying mind, or the sound of the voice praying.
And what the dead had no speech for, when living,
They can tell you, being dead: the communication
Of the dead is tongued with fire beyond the language of the living.
Here, the intersection of the timeless moment
Is England and nowhere. Never and always.
II
Ash on and old man's sleeve
Is all the ash the burnt roses leave.
Dust in the air suspended
Marks the place where a story ended.
Dust inbreathed was a house—
The walls, the wainscot and the mouse,
The death of hope and despair,
This is the death of air.
There are flood and drouth
Over the eyes and in the mouth,
Dead water and dead sand
Contending for the upper hand.
The parched eviscerate soil
Gapes at the vanity of toil,
Laughs without mirth.
This is the death of earth.
Water and fire succeed
The town, the pasture and the weed.
Water and fire deride
The sacrifice that we denied.
Water and fire shall rot
The marred foundations we forgot,
Of sanctuary and choir.
This is the death of water and fire.
In the uncertain hour before the morning
Near the ending of interminable night
At the recurrent end of the unending
After the dark dove with the flickering tongue
Had passed below the horizon of his homing
While the dead leaves still rattled on like tin
Over the asphalt where no other sound was
Between three districts whence the smoke arose
I met one walking, loitering and hurried
As if blown towards me like the metal leaves
Before the urban dawn wind unresisting.
And as I fixed upon the down-turned face
That pointed scrutiny with which we challenge
The first-met stranger in the waning dusk
I caught the sudden look of some dead master
Whom I had known, forgotten, half recalled
Both one and many; in the brown baked features
The eyes of a familiar compound ghost
Both intimate and unidentifiable.
So I assumed a double part, and cried
And heard another's voice cry: 'What! are you here?'
Although we were not. I was still the same,
Knowing myself yet being someone other—
And he a face still forming; yet the words sufficed
To compel the recognition they preceded.
And so, compliant to the common wind,
Too strange to each other for misunderstanding,
In concord at this intersection time
Of meeting nowhere, no before and after,
We trod the pavement in a dead patrol.
I said: 'The wonder that I feel is easy,
Yet ease is cause of wonder. Therefore speak:
I may not comprehend, may not remember.'
And he: 'I am not eager to rehearse
My thoughts and theory which you have forgotten.
These things have served their purpose: let them be.
So with your own, and pray they be forgiven
By others, as I pray you to forgive
Both bad and good. Last season's fruit is eaten
And the fullfed beast shall kick the empty pail.
For last year's words belong to last year's language
And next year's words await another voice.
But, as the passage now presents no hindrance
To the spirit unappeased and peregrine
Between two worlds become much like each other,
So I find words I never thought to speak
In streets I never thought I should revisit
When I left my body on a distant shore.
Since our concern was speech, and speech impelled us
To purify the dialect of the tribe
And urge the mind to aftersight and foresight,
Let me disclose the gifts reserved for age
To set a crown upon your lifetime's effort.
First, the cold friction of expiring sense
Without enchantment, offering no promise
But bitter tastelessness of shadow fruit
As body and soul begin to fall asunder.
Second, the conscious impotence of rage
At human folly, and the laceration
Of laughter at what ceases to amuse.
And last, the rending pain of re-enactment
Of all that you have done, and been; the shame
Of motives late revealed, and the awareness
Of things ill done and done to others' harm
Which once you took for exercise of virtue.
Then fools' approval stings, and honour stains.
From wrong to wrong the exasperated spirit
Proceeds, unless restored by that refining fire
Where you must move in measure, like a dancer.'
The day was breaking. In the disfigured street
He left me, with a kind of valediction,
And faded on the blowing of the horn.
III
There are three conditions which often look alike
Yet differ completely, flourish in the same hedgerow:
Attachment to self and to things and to persons, detachment
From self and from things and from persons; and, growing between them, indifference
Which resembles the others as death resembles life,
Being between two lives—unflowering, between
The live and the dead nettle. This is the use of memory:
For liberation—not less of love but expanding
Of love beyond desire, and so liberation
From the future as well as the past. Thus, love of a country
Begins as attachment to our own field of action
And comes to find that action of little importance
Though never indifferent. History may be servitude,
History may be freedom. See, now they vanish,
The faces and places, with the self which, as it could, loved them,
To become renewed, transfigured, in another pattern.
Sin is Behovely, but
All shall be well, and
All manner of thing shall be well.
If I think, again, of this place,
And of people, not wholly commendable,
Of no immediate kin or kindness,
But of some peculiar genius,
All touched by a common genius,
United in the strife which divided them;
If I think of a king at nightfall,
Of three men, and more, on the scaffold
And a few who died forgotten
In other places, here and abroad,
And of one who died blind and quiet
Why should we celebrate
These dead men more than the dying?
It is not to ring the bell backward
Nor is it an incantation
To summon the spectre of a Rose.
We cannot revive old factions
We cannot restore old policies
Or follow an antique drum.
These men, and those who opposed them
And those whom they opposed
Accept the constitution of silence
And are folded in a single party.
Whatever we inherit from the fortunate
We have taken from the defeated
What they had to leave us—a symbol:
A symbol perfected in death.
And all shall be well and
All manner of thing shall be well
By the purification of the motive
In the ground of our beseeching.
IV
The dove descending breaks the air
With flame of incandescent terror
Of which the tongues declare
The one discharge from sin and error.
The only hope, or else despair
Lies in the choice of pyre of pyre—
To be redeemed from fire by fire.
Who then devised the torment? Love.
Love is the unfamiliar Name
Behind the hands that wove
The intolerable shirt of flame
Which human power cannot remove.
We only live, only suspire
Consumed by either fire or fire.
V
What we call the beginning is often the end
And to make and end is to make a beginning.
The end is where we start from. And every phrase
And sentence that is right (where every word is at home,
Taking its place to support the others,
The word neither diffident nor ostentatious,
An easy commerce of the old and the new,
The common word exact without vulgarity,
The formal word precise but not pedantic,
The complete consort dancing together)
Every phrase and every sentence is an end and a beginning,
Every poem an epitaph. And any action
Is a step to the block, to the fire, down the sea's throat
Or to an illegible stone: and that is where we start.
We die with the dying:
See, they depart, and we go with them.
We are born with the dead:
See, they return, and bring us with them.
The moment of the rose and the moment of the yew-tree
Are of equal duration. A people without history
Is not redeemed from time, for history is a pattern
Of timeless moments. So, while the light fails
On a winter's afternoon, in a secluded chapel
History is now and England.
With the drawing of this Love and the voice of this
Calling
We shall not cease from exploration
And the end of all our exploring
Will be to arrive where we started
And know the place for the first time.
Through the unknown, unremembered gate
When the last of earth left to discover
Is that which was the beginning;
At the source of the longest river
The voice of the hidden waterfall
And the children in the apple-tree
Not known, because not looked for
But heard, half-heard, in the stillness
Between two waves of the sea.
Quick now, here, now, always—
A condition of complete simplicity
(Costing not less than everything)
And all shall be well and
All manner of thing shall be well
When the tongues of flame are in-folded
Into the crowned knot of fire
And the fire and the rose are one.
荒原
——赵萝蕤 译
“是的,我自己亲眼看见古米的西比儿(译注:女先知)吊在一个笼子里。
孩子们在问她,‘西比儿,你要什么?’的时候,她回答说,我要死。”
献给艾兹拉·庞德最卓越的匠人。
译注:migliorfabbro引自但丁《神曲·炼狱》。
一、死者葬礼
四月是最残忍的一个月,荒地上
长着丁香,把回忆和欲望
参合在一起,又让春雨
催促那些迟钝的根芽。
冬天使我们温暖,大地
给助人遗忘的雪覆盖着,又叫
枯干的球根提供少许生命。
夏天来得出人意外,在下阵雨的时候
来到了斯丹卜基西;我们在柱廊下躲避,
等太阳出来又进了霍夫加登,
喝咖啡,闲谈了一个小时。
我不是俄国人,我是立陶宛来的,是地道的德国人。
而且我们小时候住在大公那里
我表兄家,他带着我出去滑雪橇,
我很害怕。他说,玛丽,
玛丽,牢牢揪住。我们就往下冲。
在山上,那里你觉得自由。
大半个晚上我看书,冬天我到南方。
什么树根在抓紧,什么树根在从
这堆乱石块里长出?人子啊,
你说不出,也猜不到,因为你只知道
一堆破烂的偶像,承受着太阳的鞭打
枯死的树没有遮荫。蟋蟀的声音也不使人放心,
焦石间没有流水的声音。只有
这块红石下有影子,
(请走进这块红石下的影子)
我要指点你一件事,它既不像
你早起的影子,在你后面迈步;
也不像傍晚的,站起身来迎着你;
我要给你看恐惧在一把尘土里。
风吹得很轻快,
吹送我回家去,
爱尔兰的小孩,
你在哪里逗留?
“一年前你先给我的是风信子;
他们叫我做风信子的女郎”,
——可是等我们回来,晚了,从风信子的园里来,
你的臂膊抱满,你的头发湿漉,我说不出
话,眼睛看不见,我既不是
活的,也未曾死,我什么都不知道,
望着光亮的中心看时,是一片寂静。
荒凉而空虚是那大海。
马丹梭梭屈里士,著名的女相士,
患了重感冒,可仍然是
欧罗巴知名的最有智慧的女人,
带着一副恶毒的纸牌,这里,她说,
是你的一张,那淹死了的腓尼基水手,
(这些珍珠就是他的眼睛,看!)
这是贝洛多纳,岩石的女主人
一个善于应变的女人。
这人带着三根杖,这是“转轮”,
这是那独眼商人,这张牌上面
一无所有,是他背在背上的一种东西。
是不准我看见的。我没有找到
“那被绞死的人”。怕水里的死亡。
我看见成群的人,在绕着圈子走。
谢谢你。你看见亲爱的爱奎尔太太的时候
就说我自己把天宫图给她带去,
这年头人得小心啊。
并无实体的城,
在冬日破晓的黄雾下,
一群人鱼贯地流过伦敦桥,人数是那么多,
我没想到死亡毁坏了这许多人。
叹息,短促而稀少,吐了出来,
人人的眼睛都盯住在自己的脚前。
流上山,流下威廉王大街,
直到圣马利吴尔诺斯教堂,那里报时的钟声
敲着最后的第九下,阴沉的一声。
在那里我看见一个熟人,拦住他叫道:“斯代真!”
你从前在迈里的船上是和我在一起的!
去年你种在你花园里的尸首,
它发芽了吗?今年会开花吗?
还是忽来严霜捣坏了它的花床?
叫这狗熊星走远吧,它是人们的朋友,
不然它会用它的爪子再把它挖掘出来!
你!虚伪的读者!——我的同类——我的兄弟!
二、对弈
她所坐的椅子,像发亮的宝座
在大理石上放光,有一面镜子,
座上满刻着结足了果子的藤,
还有个黄金的小爱神探出头来
(另外一个把眼睛藏在翅膀背后)
使七枝光烛台的火焰加高一倍,
桌子上还有反射的光彩
缎盒里倾注出的炫目辉煌,
是她珠宝的闪光也升起来迎着;
在开着口的象牙和彩色玻璃制的
小瓶里,暗藏着她那些奇异的合成香料——膏状,粉状或液体的——使感觉
局促不安,迷惘,被淹没在香味里;受到
窗外新鲜空气的微微吹动,这些香气
在上升时,使点燃了很久的烛焰变得肥满,
又把烟缕掷上镶板的房顶,
使天花板的图案也模糊不清。
大片海水浸过的木料洒上铜粉
青青黄黄地亮着,四周镶着的五彩石上,
又雕刻着的海豚在愁惨的光中游泳。
那古旧的壁炉架上展现着一幅
犹如开窗所见的田野景物,
那是翡绿眉拉变了形,遭到了野蛮国王的
强暴:但是在那里那头夜莺
她那不容玷辱的声音充满了整个沙漠,
她还在叫唤着,世界也还在追逐着,
“唧唧”唱给脏耳朵听。
其它那些时间的枯树根
在墙上留下了记认;凝视的人像
探出身来,斜倚着,使紧闭的房间一片静寂。
楼梯上有人在拖着脚步走。
在火光下,刷子下,她的头发
散成了火星似的小点子
亮成词句,然后又转而为野蛮的沉寂。
“今晚上我精神很坏。是的,坏。陪着我。
跟我说话。为什么总不说话。说啊。
你在想什么?想什么?什么?
我从来不知道你在想什么。想。”
我想我们是在老鼠窝里,
在那里死人连自己的尸骨都丢得精光。
“这是什么声音?”
风在门下面。
“这又是什么声音?风在干什么?”
没有,没有什么。
“你
“你什么都不知道?什么都没看见?什么都
不记得?”
我记得
那些珍珠是他的眼睛。
“你是活的还是死的?你的脑子里竟没有什么?”
可是
噢噢噢噢这莎士比希亚式的爵士音乐——
它是这样文静
这样聪明
“我现在该做些什么?我该做些什么?
我就照现在这样跑出去,走在街上
披散着头发,就这样。我们明天该作些什么?
我们究竟该作些什么?”
十点钟供开水。
如果下雨,四点钟来挂不进雨的汽车。
我们也要下一盘棋,
按住不知安息的眼睛,等着那一下敲门的声音。
丽儿的丈夫退伍的时候,我说——
我毫不含糊,我自己就对她说,
请快些,时间到了
埃尔伯特不久就要回来,你就打扮打扮吧。
他也要知道给你镶牙的钱
是怎么花的。他给的时候我也在。
把牙都拔了吧,丽儿,配一副好的,
他说,实在的,你那样子我真看不得。
我也看不得,我说,替可怜的埃尔伯特想一想,
他在军队里耽了四年,他想痛快痛快,
你不让他痛快,有的是别人,我说。
啊,是吗,她说。就是这么回事。我说。
那我就知道该感谢谁了,她说,向我瞪了一眼。
请快些,时间到了
你不愿意,那就听便吧,我说。
你没有可挑的,人家还能挑挑拣拣呢。
要是埃尔伯特跑掉了,可别怪我没说。
你真不害臊,我说,看上去这么老相。
(她还只三十一。)
没办法,她说,把脸拉得长长的,
是我吃的那药片,为打胎,她说。
(她已经有了五个。小乔治差点送了她的命。)
药店老板说不要紧,可我再也不比从前了。
你真是个傻瓜,我说。
得了,埃尔伯特总是缠着你,结果就是如此,我说,
不要孩子你干吗结婚?
请快些,时间到了
说起来了,那天星期天埃尔伯特在家,他们吃滚烫的烧火腿,
他们叫我去吃饭,叫我乘热吃——
请快些,时间到了
请快些,时间到了
明儿见,毕尔。明儿见,璐。明儿见,梅。明儿见。
再见。明儿见,明儿见。
明天见,太太们,明天见,可爱的太太们,明天见,明天见。
三、火诫
河上树木搭成的蓬帐已破坏:树叶留下的最后手指
想抓住什么,又沉落到潮湿的岸边去了。那风
吹过棕黄色的大地,没人听见。仙女们已经走了。
可爱的泰晤士,轻轻地流,等我唱完了歌。
河上不再有空瓶子,加肉面包的薄纸,
绸手帕,硬的纸皮匣子,香烟头
或其他夏夜的证据。仙女们已经走了。
还有她们的朋友,最后几个城里老板们的后代;
走了,也没有留下地址。
在莱芒湖畔我坐下来饮泣……
可爱的泰晤士,轻轻地流,等我唱完了歌。
可爱的泰晤士,轻轻地流,我说话的声音不会大,也不会多。
可是在我身后的冷风里我听见
白骨碰白骨的声音,慝笑从耳旁传开去。
一头老鼠轻轻穿过草地
在岸上拖着它那粘湿的肚皮
而我却在某个冬夜,在一家煤气厂背后
在死水里垂钓
想到国王我那兄弟的沉舟
又想到在他之前的国王,我父亲的死亡。
白身躯赤裸裸地在低湿的地上,
白骨被抛在一个矮小而干燥的阁楼上,
只有老鼠脚在那里踢来踢去,年复一年。
但是在我背后我时常听见
喇叭和汽车的声音,将在
春天里,把薛维尼送到博尔特太太那里。
啊月亮照在博尔特太太
和她女儿身上是亮的
她们在苏打水里洗脚
啊这些孩子们的声音,在教堂里歌唱!
吱吱吱
唧唧唧唧唧唧
受到这样的强暴。
铁卢
并无实体的城
在冬日正午的黄雾下
尤吉尼地先生,哪个士麦那商人
还没光脸,袋里装满了葡萄干
到岸价格,伦敦:见票即付,
用粗俗的法语请我
在凯能街饭店吃午饭
然后在大都会度周末。
在那暮色苍茫的时刻,眼与背脊
从桌边向上抬时,这血肉制成的引擎在等侯
像一辆出租汽车颤抖而等候时,
我,帖瑞西士,虽然瞎了眼,在两次生命中颤动,
年老的男子却有布满皱纹的女性乳房,能在
暮色苍茫的时刻看见晚上一到都朝着
家的方向走去,水手从海上回到家,
打字员到喝茶的时候也回了家,打扫早点的残余,点燃了她的炉子,拿出罐头食品。
窗外危险地晾着
她快要晒干的内衣,给太阳的残光抚摸着,
沙发上堆着(晚上是她的床)
袜子,拖鞋,小背心和用以束紧身的内衣。
我,帖瑞西士,年老的男子长着皱褶的乳房
看到了这段情节,预言了后来的一切——
我也在等待那盼望着的客人。
他,那长疙瘩的青年到了,
一个小公司的职员,一双色胆包天的眼,
一个下流家伙,蛮有把握,
正像一顶绸帽扣在一个布雷德福的百万富翁头上。
时机现在倒是合式,他猜对了,
饭已经吃完,她厌倦又疲乏,
试着抚摸抚摸她
虽说不受欢迎,也没受到责骂。
脸也红了,决心也下了,他立即进攻;
探险的双手没遇到阻碍;
他的虚荣心并不需要报答,
还欢迎这种漠然的神情。
(我,帖瑞西士,都早就忍受过了,
就在这张沙发或床上扮演过的;
我,那曾在底比斯的墙下坐过的
又曾在最卑微的死人中走过的。)
最后又送上形同施舍似的一吻,
他摸着去路,发现楼梯上没有灯……
她回头在镜子里照了一下,
没大意识到她那已经走了的情人;
她的头脑让一个半成形的思想经过:
“总算玩了事:完了就好。”
美丽的女人堕落的时候,又
在她的房里来回走,独自
她机械地用手抚平了头发,又随手
在留声机上放上一张片子。
“这音乐在水上悄悄从我身旁经过”
经过斯特兰德,直到女王维多利亚街。
啊,城啊城,我有时能听见
在泰晤士下街的一家酒店旁
那悦耳的曼陀铃的哀鸣
还有里面的碗盏声,人语声
是渔贩子到了中午在休息:那里
殉道堂的墙上还有
难以言传的伊沃宁的荣华,白的与金黄色的。
长河流汗
流油与焦油
船只漂泊
顺着来浪
红帆
大张
顺风而下,在沉重的桅杆上摇摆。
船只冲洗
漂流的巨木
流到格林威治河区
经过群犬岛。
Weialala leia
Wallala leialala
伊丽莎白和莱斯特
打着桨
船尾形成
一枚镶金的贝壳
红而金亮
活泼的波涛
使两岸起了细浪
西南风
带到下游
连续的钟声
白色的危塔
Weialala leia
Wallala leialala
“电车和堆满灰尘的树。
海勃里生了我。里其蒙和邱
毁了我。在里其蒙我举起双膝
仰卧在独木舟的船底。
“我的脚在摩尔该,我的心
在我的脚下。那件事后
他哭了。他答应‘重新做人’。
我不作声。我该怨恨什么呢?”
“在马该沙滩
我能够把
乌有和乌有联结在一起
脏手上的破碎指甲。
我们是伙下等人,从不指望
什么。”
啊呀看哪
于是我到迦太基来了
烧啊烧啊烧啊烧啊
主啊你把我救拔出来
主啊你救拔
烧啊
四、水里的死亡
腓尼基人弗莱巴斯,死了已两星期,
忘记了水鸥的鸣叫,深海的浪涛
利润与亏损。
海下一潮流
在悄声剔净他的骨。在他浮上又沉下时
他经历了他老年和青年的阶段
进入漩涡。
外邦人还是犹太人
啊你转着舵轮朝着风的方向看的,
回顾一下弗莱巴斯,他曾经是和你一样漂亮、高大的。
五、雷霆的话
火把把流汗的面庞照得通红以后
花园里是那寒霜般的沉寂以后
经过了岩石地带的悲痛以后
又是叫喊又是呼号
监狱宫殿和春雷的
回响在远山那边震荡
他当时是活着的现在是死了
我们曾经是活着的现在也快要死了
稍带一点耐心
这里没有水只有岩石
岩石而没有水而有一条沙路
那路在上面山里绕行
是岩石堆成的山而没有水
若还有水我们就会停下来喝了
在岩石中间人不能停止或思想
汗是干的脚埋在沙土里
只要岩石中间有水
死了的山满口都是龋齿吐不出一滴水
这里的人既不能站也不能躺也不能坐
山上甚至连静默也不存在
只有枯干的雷没有雨
山上甚至连寂寞也不存在
只有绛红阴沉的脸在冷笑咆哮
在泥干缝猎的房屋的门里出现
只要有水
而没有岩石
若是有岩石
也有水
有水
有泉
岩石间有小水潭
若是只有水的响声
不是知了
和枯草同唱
而是水的声音在岩石上
那里有蜂雀类的画眉在松树间歌唱
点滴点滴滴滴滴
可是没有水
谁是那个总是走在你身旁的第三人?
我数的时候,只有你和我在一起
但是我朝前望那白颜色的路的时候
总有另外一个在你身旁走
悄悄地行进,裹着棕黄色的大衣,罩着头
我不知道他是男人还是女人
——但是在你另一边的那一个是谁?
这是什么声音在高高的天上
是慈母悲伤的呢喃声
这些带头罩的人群是谁
在无边的平原上蜂拥而前,在裂开的土地上蹒跚而行
只给那扁平的水平线包围着
山的那边是哪一座城市
在紫色暮色中开裂、重建又爆炸
倾塌着的城楼
耶路撒冷雅典亚力山大
维也纳伦敦
并无实体的
一个女人紧紧拉直着她黑长的头发
在这些弦上弹拨出低声的音乐
长着孩子脸的蝙蝠在紫色的光里
嗖嗖地飞扑着翅膀
又把头朝下爬下一垛乌黑的墙
倒挂在空气里的那些城楼
敲着引起回忆的钟,报告时刻
还有声音在空的水池、干的井里歌唱。
在山间那个坏损的洞里
在幽黯的月光下,草儿在倒塌的
坟墓上唱歌,至于教堂
则是有一个空的教堂,仅仅是风的家。
它没有窗子,门是摆动着的,
枯骨伤害不了人。
只有一只公鸡站在屋脊上
咯咯喔喔咯咯喔喔
刷的来了一炷闪电。然后是一阵湿风
带来了雨
恒河水位下降了,那些疲软的叶子
在等着雨来,而乌黑的浓云
在远处集合在喜马望山上。
丛林在静默中拱着背蹲伏着。
然后雷霆说了话
DA
Datta:我们给了些什么?
我的朋友,热血震动着我的心
这片刻之间献身的非凡勇气
是一个谨慎的时代永远不能收回的
就凭这一点,也只有这一点,我们是存在了
这是我们的讣告里找不到的
不会在慈祥的蛛网披盖着的回忆里
也不会在瘦瘦的律师拆开的密封下
在我们空空的屋子里
DA
Dayadhvam:我听见那钥匙
在门里转动了一次,只转动了一次
我们想到这把钥匙,各人在自己的监狱里
想着这把钥匙,各人守着一座监狱
只在黄昏的时候,世外传来的声音
才使一个已经粉碎了的柯里欧莱纳思一度重生
DA
Damyata:那条船欢快地
作出反应,顺着那使帆用桨老练的手
海是平静的,你的心也会欢快地
作出反应,在受到邀请时,会随着
引导着的双手而跳动
我坐在岸上
垂钓,背后是那片干旱的平原
我应否至少把我的田地收拾好?
伦敦桥塌下来了塌下来了塌下来了
然后,他就隐身在炼他们的火里,
我什么时候才能象燕子——啊,燕子,燕子,
阿基坦的王子在塔楼里受到废黜
这些片断我用来支撑我的断垣残壁
那么我就照办吧。希罗尼母又发疯了。
舍己为人。同情。克制。
平安。平安
平安。
荒原
——查良铮(穆旦)译
“因为我在古米亲眼看见西比尔吊在笼子里。孩子们问她:你要什么,西比尔?
她回答道:我要死。”
献给艾兹拉·庞德
更卓越的巧匠
一、死者的葬礼
四月最残忍,从死了的
土地滋生丁香,混杂着
回忆和欲望,让春雨
挑动着呆钝的根。
冬天保我们温暖,把大地
埋在忘怀的雪里,使干了的
球茎得一点点生命。
夏天来得意外,随着一阵骤雨
到了斯坦伯吉西;我们躲在廊下,
等太阳出来,便到郝夫加登
去喝咖啡,又闲谈了一点钟。
我不是俄国人,原籍立陶宛,是纯德国种。
我们小时侯,在大公家做客,
那是我表兄,他带我出去滑雪撬,
我害怕死了。他说,玛丽,玛丽,
抓紧了呵。于是我们冲下去。
在山中,你会感到舒畅。
我大半夜看书,冬天去到南方。
这是什么根在抓着,是什么树杈
从这片乱石里长出来?人子呵,
你说不出,也猜不着,因为你只知道
一堆破碎的形象,受着太阳拍击,
而枯树没有阴凉,蟋蟀不使人轻松,
干石头发不出流水的声音。只有
一片阴影在这红色的岩石下,
(来吧,请走进这红岩石下的阴影)
我要指给你一件事,它不同于
你早晨的影子,跟在你后面走
也不象你黄昏的影子,起来迎你,
我要指给你恐惧是在一撮尘土里。
风儿吹得清爽,
吹向我的家乡,
我的爱尔兰孩子,
如今你在何方?
“一年前你初次给了我风信子,
他们都叫我风信子女郎。”
——可是当我们从风信子花园走回,天晚了,
你的两臂抱满,你的头发是湿的,
我说不出话来,两眼看不见,我
不生也不死,什么也不知道,
看进光的中心,那一片沉寂。
荒凉而空虚是那大海。
索索斯垂丝夫人,著名的相命家,
患了重感冒,但仍然是
欧洲公认的最有智慧的女人,
她有一副鬼精灵的纸牌。这里,她说,
你的牌,淹死的腓尼基水手,
(那些明珠曾经是他的眼睛。看!)
这是美女贝拉磨娜,岩石的女人,
有多种遭遇的女人。
这是有三根杖的人,这是轮盘,
这是独眼商人,还有这张牌
是空白的,他拿来背在背上,
不许我看见。我找不到。
那绞死的人。小心死在水里。
我看见成群的人,在一个圈里转。
谢谢你。如果你看见伊奎通太太,
就说我亲自把星象图带过去:
这年头人得万事小心呵。
不真实的城,
在冬天早晨棕黄色的雾下,
一群人流过伦敦桥,呵,这么多
我没有想到死亡毁灭了这么多。
叹息,隔一会短短地嘘出来,
每个人的目光都盯着自己的脚。
流上小山,流下威廉王大街,
直到圣玛丽·乌尔诺教堂,在那里
大钟正沉沉桥着九点的最后一响。
那儿我遇到一个熟人,喊住他道:
“史太森!你记得我们在麦来船上!
去年你种在你的花园里的尸首,
它发芽了吗?今年能开花吗?
还是突然霜冻搅乱了它的花床?
哦,千万把狗撵开,那是人类之友,
不然他会用爪子又把它掘出来!
你呀,伪善的读者——我的同类,我的兄弟!”
二、 一局棋戏
她所坐的椅子,在大理石上
象王座闪闪发光;有一面镜子,
镜台镂刻着结葡萄的藤蔓,
金黄的小爱神偷偷向外窥探,
(还有一个把眼睛藏在翅膀下)
把七枝蜡的烛台的火焰
加倍反射到桌上;她的珠宝
从缎套倾泻出的灿烂光泽,
正好升起来和那反光相汇合。
在开盖的象牙瓶和五彩玻璃瓶里
暗藏着她那怪异的合成香料,
有油膏、敷粉或汁液——以违乱神智,
并把感官淹没在奇香中;不过
受到窗外的新鲜空气的搅动,
它们上升而把瘦长的烛火加宽,
又把烛烟投到雕漆的梁间,
使屋顶镶板的图案模糊了。
巨大的木器镶满了黄铜
闪着青绿和橘黄,有彩石围着,
在幽光里游着一只浮雕的海豚。
好象推窗看到的田园景色,
在古老的壁炉架上展示出
菲罗美的变形,是被昏王的粗暴
逼成的呵;可是那儿有夜莺的
神圣不可侵犯的歌声充满了荒漠,
她还在啼叫,世界如今还在追逐,
“唧格,唧格”叫给脏耳朵听。
还有时光的其它残骸断梗
在墙上留着;凝视的人像倾着身,
倾着身,使关闭的屋子默默无声。
脚步在楼梯上慢慢移动着。
在火光下,刷子下,她的头发
播散出斑斑的火星
闪亮为语言,以后又猛地沉寂。
“我今晚情绪不好。呵,很坏。陪着我。
跟我说话吧。怎么不说呢?说呵。
你在想什么?什么呀? 我从不知你想着什么。想。”
我想我们是在耗子洞里,
死人在这里丢了骨头。
“那是什么声音?”
是门洞下的风。
“那又是什么声音?风在干什么?”
虚空,还是虚空。
“你
什么也不知道?什么也没看见?什么
也不记得?”
我记得
那些明珠曾经是他的眼睛。
“你是活是死?你的头脑里什么也没有?”
可是
呵呵呵呵那莎士比希亚小调——
这么文雅
这么聪明
“如今我做什么好?我做什么好?”
“我要这样冲出去,在大街上走,
披着头发,就这样。我们明天干什么?
我们究竟干什么?”
十点钟要热水。
若是下雨,四点钟要带篷的车。
我们将下一盘棋,
揉了难合的眼,等着叩门的一声。
丽尔的男人退伍的时候,我说——
我可是直截了当,我自己对她说的,
快走吧,到时候了
艾伯特要回来了,你得打扮一下。
他要问你他留下的那笔镶牙的钱
是怎么用的。他给时,我也在场。
把牙都拔掉吧,丽尔,换一副好的。
他说,看你那样子真叫人受不了。
连我也受不了,我说,你替艾伯特想想,
他当兵四年啦,他得找点乐趣,
如果你不给他,还有别人呢,我说。
呵,是吗,她说。差不多吧,我说。
那我知道该谢谁啦,她说,直看着我。
快走吧,到时候了
你不爱这种事也得顺着点,我说。
要是你不能,别人会来接你哩。
等艾伯特跑了,可别怪我没说到。
你也不害臊,我说,弄得这么老相。
(论年纪她才三十一岁)。
没有法子,她说,愁眉苦脸的,
是那药丸子打胎打的,她说。
(她已生了五个,小乔治几乎送了她的命。)
医生说就会好的,可是我大不如从前了。
你真是傻瓜,我说。
要是艾伯特不肯罢休,那怎么办,我说。
你不想生孩子又何必结婚?
快走吧,到时候了
对,那礼拜天艾伯特在家,做了熏火腿,
他们请我吃饭,要我乘热吃那鲜味——
快走吧,到时候了
快走吧,到时候了
晚安,比尔。晚安,娄。晚安,梅。晚安。
再见。晚安。晚安。
晚安,夫人们,晚安,亲爱的,晚安,晚安。
三,火的说教
河边缺少了似帐篷的遮盖,树叶最后的手指
没抓住什么而飘落到潮湿的岸上。风
掠过棕黄的大地,无声的。仙女都走了。
温柔的泰晤士,轻轻地流,等我唱完我的歌。
河上不再漂着空瓶子,裹夹肉面包的纸,
绸手绢,硬纸盒子,吸剩的香烟头,
或夏夜的其它见证。仙女都走了。
还有她们的朋友,公司大亨的公子哥们,
走了,也没有留下地址。
在莱芒湖边我坐下来哭泣……
温柔的泰晤士,轻轻地流,等我唱完我的歌。
温柔的泰晤士,轻轻地流吧,我不会大声,也说不多。
可是在我背后的冷风中,我听见
白骨在碰撞,得意的笑声从耳边传到耳边。
一只老鼠悄悄爬过了草丛 把它湿粘的肚子拖过河岸,
而我坐在冬日黄昏的煤气厂后,
对着污滞的河水垂钓,
沉思着我的王兄在海上的遭难。
和在他以前我的父王的死亡。
在低湿的地上裸露着白尸体,
白骨抛弃在干燥低矮的小阁楼上,
被耗子的脚拨来拨去的,年复一年。
然而在我的背后我不时地听见
汽车和喇叭的声音,是它带来了
斯温尼在春天会见鲍特太太。
呵,月光在鲍特太太身上照耀
也在她女儿身上照耀
她们在苏打水里洗脚
哦,听童男女们的歌声,在教堂的圆顶下!
嘁喳嘁喳
唧格、唧格、唧格,
逼得这么粗暴。
特鲁
不真实的城
在冬日正午的棕黄色雾下
尤金尼迪先生,斯莫纳的商人
没有刮脸,口袋里塞着葡萄干
托运伦敦免费,见款即交的提单,
他讲着俗劣的法语邀请我
到加农街饭店去吃午餐
然后在大都会去度周末。
在紫色黄昏到来时,当眼睛和脊背
从写字台抬直起来,当人的机体
象出租汽车在悸动地等待,
我,提瑞西士,悸动在雌雄两种生命之间,
一个有着干瘪的女性乳房的老头,
尽管是瞎的,在这紫色的黄昏时刻
(它引动乡思,把水手从海上带回家)
却看见打字员下班回到家,洗了
早点的用具,生上炉火,摆出罐头食物。
窗外不牢靠地挂着
她晾干的内衣,染着夕阳的残辉,
沙发上(那是她夜间的床)摊着
长袜子,拖鞋,小背心,紧身胸衣。
我,有褶皱乳房的老人提瑞西士,
知道这一幕,并且预见了其余的——
我也在等待那盼望的客人。
他来了,那满脸酒刺的年青人,
小代理店的办事员,一种大胆的眼神,
自得的神气罩着这种下层人,
好象丝绒帽戴在勃莱弗暴发户的头上。
来的正是时机,他猜对了,
晚饭吃过,她厌腻而懒散,
他试着动手动脚上去温存,
虽然没受欢迎,也没有被责备。
兴奋而坚定,他立刻进攻,
探索的手没有遇到抗拒,
他的虚荣心也不需要反应,
冷漠对他就等于是欢迎。
(我,提瑞西士,早已忍受过了
在这沙发式床上演出的一切;
我在底比斯城墙下坐过的,
又曾在卑贱的死人群里走过。)
最后给了她恩赐的一吻,
摸索着走出去,楼梯上也没个灯亮……
她回头对镜照了一下,全没想到还有那个离去的情人;
心里模糊地闪过一个念头:
“那桩事总算完了;我很高兴。”
当美人儿做了失足的蠢事
而又在屋中来回踱着,孤独地,
她机械地用手理了理头发,
并拿一张唱片放上留声机。
“这音乐在水上从我的身边流过,”
流过河滨大街,直上维多利亚街。
哦,金融城,有时我能听见
在下泰晤士街的酒吧间旁,
一只四弦琴的悦耳的怨诉,
而酒吧间内渔贩子们正在歇午,
发出嘈杂的喧声,还有殉道堂:
在它那壁上是说不尽的
爱奥尼亚的皎洁与金色的辉煌。
油和沥青
洋溢在河上
随着浪起
游艇漂去
红帆
撑得宽宽的
顺风而下,在桅上摇摆。
游艇擦过
漂浮的大木
流过格林威治
流过大岛
喂呵啦啦 咧呀
哇啦啦 咧呀啦啦
伊丽莎白和莱斯特
划着浆
船尾好似
一只镀金的贝壳
红的和金黄的
活泼的水浪
泛到两岸
西南风
把钟声的清响
朝下流吹送
白的楼塔
喂呵啦啦 咧呀
哇啦啦 咧呀啦啦
“电车和覆满尘土的树,
海倍里给我生命。瑞曲蒙和克尤
把我毁掉。在瑞曲蒙我翘起腿
仰卧在小独木舟的船底。”
“我的脚在摩尔门,我的心
在我脚下。在那件事后
他哭了,发誓‘重新做人’。
我无话可说。这该怨什么?
“在马尔门的沙滩上。
我能联结起
虚空和虚空。
呵,脏手上的破碎指甲。
我们这些卑贱的人
无所期望。”
啦啦
于是我来到迦太基
烧呵烧呵烧呵烧呵
主呵,救我出来
主呵,救我
烧呵
四,水里的死亡
扶里巴斯,那腓尼基人,死了两星期,
他忘了海鸥的啼唤,深渊里的巨浪,
利润和损失。
海底的一股洋流
低语着啄他的骨头。就在一起一落时光
他经历了苍老和青春的阶段
而进入旋涡。
犹太或非犹太人呵,
你们转动轮盘和观望风向的,
想想他,也曾象你们一样漂亮而高大。
五、雷的说话
在汗湿的面孔被火把照亮后
在花园经过寒霜的死寂后
在岩石间的受难后
还有呐喊和哭号
监狱、宫殿和春雷
在远山的回音振荡以后
那一度活着的如今死了
我们曾活过而今却垂死
多少带一点耐心
这里没有水只有岩石
有石而无水,只有砂石路
砂石路迂回在山岭中
山岭是石头的全没有水
要是有水我们会停下来啜饮
在岩石间怎能停下和思想
汗是干的,脚埋在沙子里
要是岩石间有水多么好
死山的嘴长着蛀牙,吐不出水来
人在这里不能站,不能躺,不能坐
这山间甚至没有安静
只有干打的雷而没有雨
这山间甚至没有闲适
只有怒得发紫的脸嘲笑和詈骂
从干裂的泥土房子的门口
如果有水
而没有岩石
如果有岩石
也有水
那水是
一条泉
山石间的清潭
要是只有水的声音
不是知了
和枯草的歌唱
而是水流石上的清响
还有画眉鸟隐在松林里作歌
淅沥淅沥沥沥沥
可是没有水
那总是在你身边走的第三者是谁?
我算数时,只有你我两个人
可是我沿着白色的路朝前看
总看见有另一个人在你的身旁
裹着棕色的斗篷蒙着头巾走着
我不知道那是男人还是女人
——但在你身旁走的人是谁?
那高空中响着什么声音
好似慈母悲伤的低诉
那一群蒙面人是谁
涌过莽莽的平原,跌进干裂的土地
四周只是平坦的地平线
那山中是什么城
破裂,修好,又在紫红的空中崩毁
倒下的楼阁呵
耶路撒冷、雅典、亚历山大、
维也纳、伦敦
呵,不真实的
一个女人拉直她的黑长的头发
就在那丝弦上弹出低诉的乐音
蝙蝠带着婴儿脸在紫光里
呼啸着,拍着翅膀
头朝下,爬一面烟熏的墙
钟楼倒挂在半空中
敲着回忆的钟,报告时刻
还有歌声发自空水槽和枯井。
在山上这个倾坍的洞里
在淡淡的月光下,在教堂附近的
起伏的墓上,草在歌唱
那是空的教堂,只是风的家。
它没有窗户,门在摇晃,
干骨头伤害不了任何人。
只有一只公鸡站在屋脊上
咯咯叽咯,咯咯叽咯
在电闪中叫。随着一阵湿风
带来了雨。
恒河干涸,疲萎的叶子
等待下雨,乌黑的云
在远方集结,在喜马万山上。
林莽蜷伏着,沉默地蜷伏着。
于是雷说话了
哒
哒塔:我们给予了什么?
我的朋友,血激荡着我的心
一刹那果决献身的勇气
是一辈子的谨慎都赎不回的
我们靠这,仅仅靠这而活着
可是我们的讣告从不提它
它也不在善意的蜘蛛覆盖的记忆里
或在尖下巴律师打开的密封下
在我们的空室中
哒
哒亚德万:我听见钥匙
在门上转动一下,只转动了一下
我们想着钥匙,每人在囚室里,
想着钥匙,每人认定一间牢房
只在黄昏时,灵界的谣传
使失意的考瑞雷纳斯有一刻复苏
哒
哒密阿塔:小船欢欣地响应
那熟于使帆和摇桨的手
海是平静的,你的心灵受到邀请
会欢快地响应,听命于
那节制的手
我坐在岸上
垂钓,背后是一片枯乾的荒野,
是否我至少把我的园地整理好?
伦敦桥崩塌了崩塌了崩塌了
于是他把自己隐入炼狱的火中
何时我能象燕子——呵燕子,燕子
阿基坦王子在塌毁的楼阁中
为了支撑我的荒墟,我捡起这些碎片
当然我要供给你。海若尼莫又疯了。
哒嗒。哒亚德万。哒密呵塔。
善蒂,善蒂,善蒂。
The Waste Land
The Waste Land. 1922.
T.S. Eliot (1888–1965).
"NAMsibyllamquidemCuimisegoipseoculismeisvidiinampullapendere,etcumillipueridicerent:Σιβνλλατιθελειζ;
repondebatilla:αποθανεινθελω."ForEzraPoundilmigliorfabbro.
I. THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD
APRIL is the cruellest month, breeding
Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing
Memory and desire, stirring
Dull roots with spring rain.
Winter kept us warm, covering 5
Earth in forgetful snow, feeding
A little life with dried tubers.
Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee
With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade,
And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten, 10
And drank coffee, and talked for an hour.
Bin gar keine Russin, stamm' aus Litauen, echt deutsch.
And when we were children, staying at the archduke's,
My cousin's, he took me out on a sled,
And I was frightened. He said, Marie, 15
Marie, hold on tight. And down we went.
In the mountains, there you feel free.
I read, much of the night, and go south in the winter.
What are the roots that clutch, what branches grow
Out of this stony rubbish? Son of man, 20
You cannot say, or guess, for you know only
A heap of broken images, where the sun beats,
And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief,
And the dry stone no sound of water. Only
There is shadow under this red rock, 25
(Come in under the shadow of this red rock),
And I will show you something different from either
Your shadow at morning striding behind you
Or your shadow at evening rising to meet you;
I will show you fear in a handful of dust. 30
Frisch weht der Wind
Der Heimat zu.
Mein Irisch Kind,
Wo weilest du?
'You gave me hyacinths first a year ago; 35
'They called me the hyacinth girl.'
—Yet when we came back, late, from the Hyacinth garden,
Your arms full, and your hair wet, I could not
Speak, and my eyes failed, I was neither
Living nor dead, and I knew nothing, 40
Looking into the heart of light, the silence.
Od' und leer das Meer.
Madame Sosostris, famous clairvoyante,
Had a bad cold, nevertheless
Is known to be the wisest woman in Europe, 45
With a wicked pack of cards. Here, said she,
Is your card, the drowned Phoenician Sailor,
(Those are pearls that were his eyes. Look!)
Here is Belladonna, the Lady of the Rocks,
The lady of situations. 50
Here is the man with three staves, and here the Wheel,
And here is the one-eyed merchant, and this card,
Which is blank, is something he carries on his back,
Which I am forbidden to see. I do not find
The Hanged Man. Fear death by water. 55
I see crowds of people, walking round in a ring.
Thank you. If you see dear Mrs. Equitone,
Tell her I bring the horoscope myself:
One must be so careful these days.
Unreal City, 60
Under the brown fog of a winter dawn,
A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many,
I had not thought death had undone so many.
Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled,
And each man fixed his eyes before his feet. 65
Flowed up the hill and down King William Street,
To where Saint Mary Woolnoth kept the hours
With a dead sound on the final stroke of nine.
There I saw one I knew, and stopped him, crying 'Stetson!
'You who were with me in the ships at Mylae! 70
'That corpse you planted last year in your garden,
'Has it begun to sprout? Will it bloom this year?
'Or has the sudden frost disturbed its bed?
'Oh keep the Dog far hence, that's friend to men,
'Or with his nails he'll dig it up again! 75
'You! hypocrite lecteur!—mon semblable,—mon frère!'
II. A GAME OF CHESS
THE Chair she sat in, like a burnished throne,
Glowed on the marble, where the glass
Held up by standards wrought with fruited vines
From which a golden Cupidon peeped out 80
(Another hid his eyes behind his wing)
Doubled the flames of sevenbranched candelabra
Reflecting light upon the table as
The glitter of her jewels rose to meet it,
From satin cases poured in rich profusion; 85
In vials of ivory and coloured glass
Unstoppered, lurked her strange synthetic perfumes,
Unguent, powdered, or liquid—troubled, confused
And drowned the sense in odours; stirred by the air
That freshened from the window, these ascended 90
In fattening the prolonged candle-flames,
Flung their smoke into the laquearia,
Stirring the pattern on the coffered ceiling.
Huge sea-wood fed with copper
Burned green and orange, framed by the coloured stone, 95
In which sad light a carvèd dolphin swam.
Above the antique mantel was displayed
As though a window gave upon the sylvan scene
The change of Philomel, by the barbarous king
So rudely forced; yet there the nightingale 100
Filled all the desert with inviolable voice
And still she cried, and still the world pursues,
'Jug Jug' to dirty ears.
And other withered stumps of time
Were told upon the walls; staring forms 105
Leaned out, leaning, hushing the room enclosed.
Footsteps shuffled on the stair.
Under the firelight, under the brush, her hair
Spread out in fiery points
Glowed into words, then would be savagely still. 110
'My nerves are bad to-night. Yes, bad. Stay with me.
'Speak to me. Why do you never speak? Speak.
'What are you thinking of? What thinking? What?
'I never know what you are thinking. Think.'
I think we are in rats' alley 115
Where the dead men lost their bones.
'What is that noise?'
The wind under the door.
'What is that noise now? What is the wind doing?'
Nothing again nothing. 120
'Do
'You know nothing? Do you see nothing? Do you remember
'Nothing?'
I remember
Those are pearls that were his eyes. 125
'Are you alive, or not? Is there nothing in your head?'
But
O O O O that Shakespeherian Rag—
It's so elegant
So intelligent 130
'What shall I do now? What shall I do?'
'I shall rush out as I am, and walk the street
'With my hair down, so. What shall we do to-morrow?
'What shall we ever do?'
The hot water at ten. 135
And if it rains, a closed car at four.
And we shall play a game of chess,
Pressing lidless eyes and waiting for a knock upon the door.
When Lil's husband got demobbed, I said—
I didn't mince my words, I said to her myself, 140
HURRY UP PLEASE IT'S TIME
Now Albert's coming back, make yourself a bit smart.
He'll want to know what you done with that money he gave you
To get yourself some teeth. He did, I was there.
You have them all out, Lil, and get a nice set, 145
He said, I swear, I can't bear to look at you.
And no more can't I, I said, and think of poor Albert,
He's been in the army four years, he wants a good time,
And if you don't give it him, there's others will, I said.
Oh is there, she said. Something o' that, I said. 150
Then I'll know who to thank, she said, and give me a straight look.
HURRY UP PLEASE IT'S TIME
If you don't like it you can get on with it, I said.
Others can pick and choose if you can't.
But if Albert makes off, it won't be for lack of telling. 155
You ought to be ashamed, I said, to look so antique.
(And her only thirty-one.)
I can't help it, she said, pulling a long face,
It's them pills I took, to bring it off, she said.
(She's had five already, and nearly died of young George.) 160
The chemist said it would be alright, but I've never been the same.
You are a proper fool, I said.
Well, if Albert won't leave you alone, there it is, I said,
What you get married for if you don't want children?
HURRY UP PLEASE IT'S TIME 165
Well, that Sunday Albert was home, they had a hot gammon,
And they asked me in to dinner, to get the beauty of it hot—
HURRY UP PLEASE IT'S TIME
HURRY UP PLEASE IT'S TIME
Goonight Bill. Goonight Lou. Goonight May. Goonight. 170
Ta ta. Goonight. Goonight.
Good night, ladies, good night, sweet ladies, good night, good night.
III. THE FIRE SERMON
THE river's tent is broken: the last fingers of leaf
Clutch and sink into the wet bank. The wind
Crosses the brown land, unheard. The nymphs are departed. 175
Sweet Thames, run softly, till I end my song.
The river bears no empty bottles, sandwich papers,
Silk handkerchiefs, cardboard boxes, cigarette ends
Or other testimony of summer nights. The nymphs are departed.
And their friends, the loitering heirs of city directors; 180
Departed, have left no addresses.
By the waters of Leman I sat down and wept...
Sweet Thames, run softly till I end my song,
Sweet Thames, run softly, for I speak not loud or long.
But at my back in a cold blast I hear 185
The rattle of the bones, and chuckle spread from ear to ear.
A rat crept softly through the vegetation
Dragging its slimy belly on the bank
While I was fishing in the dull canal
On a winter evening round behind the gashouse 190
Musing upon the king my brother's wreck
And on the king my father's death before him.
White bodies naked on the low damp ground
And bones cast in a little low dry garret,
Rattled by the rat's foot only, year to year. 195
But at my back from time to time I hear
The sound of horns and motors, which shall bring
Sweeney to Mrs. Porter in the spring.
O the moon shone bright on Mrs. Porter
And on her daughter 200
They wash their feet in soda water
Et, O ces voix d'enfants, chantant dans la coupole!
Twit twit twit
Jug jug jug jug jug jug
So rudely forc'd. 205
Tereu
Unreal City
Under the brown fog of a winter noon
Mr. Eugenides, the Smyrna merchant
Unshaven, with a pocket full of currants 210
C.i.f. London: documents at sight,
Asked me in demotic French
To luncheon at the Cannon Street Hotel
Followed by a weekend at the Metropole.
At the violet hour, when the eyes and back 215
Turn upward from the desk, when the human engine waits
Like a taxi throbbing waiting,
I Tiresias, though blind, throbbing between two lives,
Old man with wrinkled female breasts, can see
At the violet hour, the evening hour that strives 220
Homeward, and brings the sailor home from sea,
The typist home at teatime, clears her breakfast, lights
Her stove, and lays out food in tins.
Out of the window perilously spread
Her drying combinations touched by the sun's last rays, 225
On the divan are piled (at night her bed)
Stockings, slippers, camisoles, and stays.
I Tiresias, old man with wrinkled dugs
Perceived the scene, and foretold the rest—
I too awaited the expected guest. 230
He, the young man carbuncular, arrives,
A small house agent's clerk, with one bold stare,
One of the low on whom assurance sits
As a silk hat on a Bradford millionaire.
The time is now propitious, as he guesses, 235
The meal is ended, she is bored and tired,
Endeavours to engage her in caresses
Which still are unreproved, if undesired.
Flushed and decided, he assaults at once;
Exploring hands encounter no defence; 240
His vanity requires no response,
And makes a welcome of indifference.
(And I Tiresias have foresuffered all
Enacted on this same divan or bed;
I who have sat by Thebes below the wall 245
And walked among the lowest of the dead.)
Bestows on final patronising kiss,
And gropes his way, finding the stairs unlit...
She turns and looks a moment in the glass,
Hardly aware of her departed lover; 250
Her brain allows one half-formed thought to pass:
'Well now that's done: and I'm glad it's over.'
When lovely woman stoops to folly and
Paces about her room again, alone,
She smoothes her hair with automatic hand, 255
And puts a record on the gramophone.
'This music crept by me upon the waters'
And along the Strand, up Queen Victoria Street.
O City city, I can sometimes hear
Beside a public bar in Lower Thames Street, 260
The pleasant whining of a mandoline
And a clatter and a chatter from within
Where fishmen lounge at noon: where the walls
Of Magnus Martyr hold
Inexplicable splendour of Ionian white and gold. 265
The river sweats
Oil and tar
The barges drift
With the turning tide
Red sails 270
Wide
To leeward, swing on the heavy spar.
The barges wash
Drifting logs
Down Greenwich reach 275
Past the Isle of Dogs.
Weialala leia
Wallala leialala
Elizabeth and Leicester
Beating oars 280
The stern was formed
A gilded shell
Red and gold
The brisk swell
Rippled both shores 285
Southwest wind
Carried down stream
The peal of bells
White towers
Weialala leia 290
Wallala leialala
'Trams and dusty trees.
Highbury bore me. Richmond and Kew
Undid me. By Richmond I raised my knees
Supine on the floor of a narrow canoe.' 295
'My feet are at Moorgate, and my heart
Under my feet. After the event
He wept. He promised "a new start".
I made no comment. What should I resent?'
'On Margate Sands. 300
I can connect
Nothing with nothing.
The broken fingernails of dirty hands.
My people humble people who expect
Nothing.' 305
la la
To Carthage then I came
Burning burning burning burning
O Lord Thou pluckest me out
O Lord Thou pluckest 310
burning
IV. DEATH BY WATER
PHLEBAS the Phoenician, a fortnight dead,
Forgot the cry of gulls, and the deep seas swell
And the profit and loss.
A current under sea 315
Picked his bones in whispers. As he rose and fell
He passed the stages of his age and youth
Entering the whirlpool.
Gentile or Jew
O you who turn the wheel and look to windward, 320
Consider Phlebas, who was once handsome and tall as you.
V. WHAT THE THUNDER SAID
AFTER the torchlight red on sweaty faces
After the frosty silence in the gardens
After the agony in stony places
The shouting and the crying 325
Prison and place and reverberation
Of thunder of spring over distant mountains
He who was living is now dead
We who were living are now dying
With a little patience 330
Here is no water but only rock
Rock and no water and the sandy road
The road winding above among the mountains
Which are mountains of rock without water
If there were water we should stop and drink 335
Amongst the rock one cannot stop or think
Sweat is dry and feet are in the sand
If there were only water amongst the rock
Dead mountain mouth of carious teeth that cannot spit
Here one can neither stand nor lie nor sit 340
There is not even silence in the mountains
But dry sterile thunder without rain
There is not even solitude in the mountains
But red sullen faces sneer and snarl
From doors of mudcracked houses
If there were water 345
And no rock
If there were rock
And also water
And water
A spring 350
A pool among the rock
If there were the sound of water only
Not the cicada
And dry grass singing
But sound of water over a rock 355
Where the hermit-thrush sings in the pine trees
Drip drop drip drop drop drop drop
But there is no water
Who is the third who walks always beside you?
When I count, there are only you and I together 360
But when I look ahead up the white road
There is always another one walking beside you
Gliding wrapt in a brown mantle, hooded
I do not know whether a man or a woman
—But who is that on the other side of you? 365
What is that sound high in the air
Murmur of maternal lamentation
Who are those hooded hordes swarming
Over endless plains, stumbling in cracked earth
Ringed by the flat horizon only 370
What is the city over the mountains
Cracks and reforms and bursts in the violet air
Falling towers
Jerusalem Athens Alexandria
Vienna London 375
Unreal
A woman drew her long black hair out tight
And fiddled whisper music on those strings
And bats with baby faces in the violet light
Whistled, and beat their wings 380
And crawled head downward down a blackened wall
And upside down in air were towers
Tolling reminiscent bells, that kept the hours
And voices singing out of empty cisterns and exhausted wells.
In this decayed hole among the mountains 385
In the faint moonlight, the grass is singing
Over the tumbled graves, about the chapel
There is the empty chapel, only the wind's home.
It has no windows, and the door swings,
Dry bones can harm no one. 390
Only a cock stood on the rooftree
Co co rico co co rico
In a flash of lightning. Then a damp gust
Bringing rain
Ganga was sunken, and the limp leaves 395
Waited for rain, while the black clouds
Gathered far distant, over Himavant.
The jungle crouched, humped in silence.
Then spoke the thunder
D A 400
Datta: what have we given?
My friend, blood shaking my heart
The awful daring of a moment's surrender
Which an age of prudence can never retract
By this, and this only, we have existed 405
Which is not to be found in our obituaries
Or in memories draped by the beneficent spider
Or under seals broken by the lean solicitor
In our empty rooms
D A 410
Dayadhvam: I have heard the key
Turn in the door once and turn once only
We think of the key, each in his prison
Thinking of the key, each confirms a prison
Only at nightfall, aetherial rumours 415
Revive for a moment a broken Coriolanus
D A
Damyata: The boat responded
Gaily, to the hand expert with sail and oar
The sea was calm, your heart would have responded 420
Gaily, when invited, beating obedient
To controlling hands
I sat upon the shore
Fishing, with the arid plain behind me
Shall I at least set my lands in order? 425
London Bridge is falling down falling down falling down
Poi s'ascose nel foco che gli affina
Quando fiam ceu chelidon—O swallow swallow
Le Prince d'Aquitaine à la tour abolie
These fragments I have shored against my ruins 430
Why then Ile fit you. Hieronymo's mad againe.
Datta. Dayadhvam. Damyata.
Shantih shantih shantih
T.S.艾略特(1888-1965)英国诗人、批评家。1906至1910年,艾略特在哈佛大学攻读哲学,并受到新人文主义者巴比特的影响。其后去法国,在巴黎大学听柏格森讲哲学,接触到波德莱尔、拉弗格、马拉梅等象征派诗歌。1911至1914年在哈佛学习印度哲学和梵文。1914年起定居英国。他从1909年起发表诗歌,先后出版《诗歌》(1909-1925)、《诗集》(1909-1935)、《四个四重奏》(1944)、《诗集》(1909-1962)。1948年因《四个四重奏》获诺贝尔文学奖金。
2008年12月22日
致女儿书(四)
爸爸上面所说的这些,一定让你感到爱情的美妙了,其实这并非完全真实,爱情还有着残酷的一面,所以下面,欢迎丫头来到真实世界。
在现实世界里,无论对于爱情怀有怎样的愿望,人类的本能都会不断的提醒着:男人应该去找到更多的女性,女人应该找到最好的男性。于是这样的本能必定会使得独占的爱情受到伤害,所以人们的爱情史,实质上是对于本能的对抗史,当然,如果能够遇到正确的彼此,这种对抗会变得容易些。
不只是本能会成为爱情的障碍,生活本身更容易成为爱情的障碍。在这点上,生活或许意味着距离、时间、成熟与否、从容与否等等,当然爸爸提起这些,并非告诉你势力的权衡爱情,而是想让你知道这些,因为就算你不会这样看待爱情,避免不了他人这样看待,如果你能够了解到这些,我想最终你遭受的伤害会小些。爸爸告诉你这些也并不是想让你因为时间、距离等去回避某些爱情,而是让你在选择之前做好准备,只有做好了历经磨难的准备,才有可能使历经磨难的爱情最终成为可能,并且享受到他人不会享受到的幸福。
爱情是复杂的事情,很多时候大多数人都是怀着最单纯的愿望进入爱情,但是能够一直将这种愿望变成实际并且维持下去的人却很少。
“爱是恒久忍耐,又有恩慈。爱是不嫉妒,不做害羞的事。不喜欢不义,只喜欢真理。凡事相信,凡事包容,凡事盼望,凡事忍耐。”
爱是如此这般,但却不该将此作为准则,爱是唯一特别的,只有你自己才能够为你自己的爱情制定规则,并且记得,爱情有甜蜜,有美好,就有与之对应的痛苦和煎熬,但是无论如何,都要投入其中,若非如此,便不该涉入爱情。所以,关于爱情最后的忠告就是:有时候爱情
无论如何 都要投入其还是拒绝,是回避,是不做会让双方怀恨的事情。聪明如你的,我想你比能够比爸爸更快地领悟到这些,这不能保证让你幸福,但能够让你以及每一个爱你或者你爱的人得到美好的情感经历,并且不会为此感到悔恨。

